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Artemisia (art-em-miz-ee-uh), Wormwood, Composite Family (Compositae); A large and interesting genus of perennial, some with important flavoring and other herbal uses, and widespread throughout the world. Almost all have inconspicuous flowers and gray or white foliage. Many are extremely drought resistant. The sagebrush of the western plains are among the species of Artemisia.

Grow artemisia in full sun and in organically rich, ph neutral, dry to medium moisture, well-drained soil. Wet soils in winter are a common cause of plant demise. Northern zones may need a sheltered location. Prune plants to the ground in early spring. Dividing clumps every 3 to 4 years and transplant in spring.

A. dracunculus (drak-kunk-yew-lus), Tarragon, is a highly esteemed herb used for cooking and salads, and also as a decorative green mass in the herb garden. Grows to 3 feet and evergreen in northern zones, if wintered over in a cool greenhouse. Harvest fresh leaves any time for cooking or dry leaves for later use by cutting the leafy stems in mid-summer. Hang bunches of french tarragon in a cool, dry location until dried, store in airtight containers. Propagate french tarragon by cuttings or division, seeds are generally sterile.

Excellent as a border plant, containers or window boxes, for cut and dried flowers, and fragrant foliage. Deer and Rabbit resistant.

Artemisia

Artemisia 'Silver Lining' PPAF (20)ct Flat

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Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (25) BR Plants

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Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (4) 1-gallons

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Artemisia

Artemisia 'Silver Lining' PPAF (20)ct Flat

Artemisia 'Silver Lining' PPAF - Proven Winners®(20)ct Flat Common Name: White Sagebrush, ArtemisiaA hybrid of native North American species including Artemisia ludoviciana. 'Silver Lining' finds the best in its parentage as a spectacular, durable...

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Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (25) BR Plants

Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (25) Bare Root Plants Aptly named, 'Silver Mound' has soft, feathery foliage and forms a compact, silky, cushion-like mound. It has many applications in the garden including: edging, rock gardens, pots, or a filler...

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Artemisia

Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (4) 1-gallons

Artemisia schmidtiana 'Silver Mound' (4) 1-gallons Zones 3 to 7; Full sun. Mature size 8 to 10 inches height, spreads 10 to 15 inches. Aptly named, 'Silver Mound' has soft, feathery foliage and forms a compact, silky, cushion-like mound. It has many...

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What Is Artemisia?

"Artemisia" refers to a large and diverse genus of plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae. It consists of between 200 and 400 species, found in temperate climates of both hemispheres, typically in dry or semi-arid habitats.

Here are some key points about Artemisia:

Physical Description: They are mostly perennial plants with small yellow or greenish yellow flowers clustered in heads. The leaves are usually divided and alternate along the stem, and can be green, grayish green, or silvery white. Many species have a distinct aromatic scent due to the presence of essential oils.

Common Names: Different species within the genus have various common names, including mugwort, wormwood, sagebrush, tarragon, and southernwood.

Uses:

Ornamentals: Many species are valued for their attractive silvery gray foliage and are used in horticultural plantings to create contrast or soften transitions between bold colors.

Culinary: Some species, like tarragon, are used as flavorings in food and beverages.

Medicinal: Several species have been used in traditional medicine for various purposes, though scientific evidence to support these uses is often limited. For instance, Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) is a source of artemisinin, a compound used in antimalarial drugs.

Spiritual: Some cultures associate Artemisia with spiritual practices and rituals.

How Do I Plant Artemisia?

Planting Artemisia depends a bit on the specific species you are working with, but here is a general guide that should get you started:

Sunlight and Soil:

Sun: Aim for at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day, though some varieties can tolerate partial shade.

Soil: Well-draining soil is key! Artemisia thrives in dry to medium-moisture conditions and will quickly decline if roots remain wet. Sandy or rocky soils are ideal, while clay or heavy soils need amending with compost or perlite to improve drainage. Aim for a soil pH between 5.5 and 8.0.

Planting:

Timing: Spring is the ideal time to plant Artemisia after the last frost has passed. However, some species can be planted in fall if your climate is mild.

Starting with: You can plant nursery-grown starts, seeds, or divisions (chunks) of an existing Artemisia plant.

Seeds: If planting seeds, direct sow them outdoors after the last frost or start them indoors 6-8 weeks earlier. Keep the soil moist but not soggy until germination.

Starts or divisions: Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball or division. Gently loosen the roots of nursery starts and tease apart sections of a division. Place the plant in the hole with the top of the root ball or division level with the surrounding soil. Fill in the hole, tamp down gently to remove air pockets, and water thoroughly.

Post-Planting Care:

Watering: Water regularly until the plant is established, then reduce watering to occasional deep waterings, especially during hot, dry periods. Allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings.

Mulching: A layer of mulch around the base of the plant can help retain moisture and suppress weeds. Use a well-draining mulch like gravel, stones, or crushed bark.

Fertilizing: Artemisia generally does not require much fertilizer. A light application of compost or a balanced fertilizer in early spring may be sufficient. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to leggy growth.

Pruning: Most Artemisia species do not require regular pruning. However, you can trim back leggy growth or unwanted branches to maintain desired shape or size.

Additional Tips:

Different species have different mature sizes and needs. Be sure to research the specific requirements of the Artemisia variety you are planting.

Consider dividing larger clumps of Artemisia every few years to rejuvenate the plants and prevent overcrowding.

Some Artemisia species can be invasive in certain regions. Check with your local gardening resources to ensure the variety you choose is not a problem in your area.

What Are The Different Varieties Of Artemisia?

There are hundreds of Artemisia varieties, each with its own unique charm and characteristics. Here are some of the most popular and versatile options for different garden uses:

For Foliage:

Silver Mound Artemisia (A. schmidtiana 'Nana'): Compact, mounding habit with silvery-white foliage, perfect for edging borders or rock gardens.

Powis Castle Artemisia (A. x 'Powis Castle'): Silvery-gray foliage with a mounding to cascading habit, ideal for adding texture and contrast to mixed beds.

Black Sagebrush (A. nova): Striking dark green to black foliage with a strong herbal scent, perfect for dry gardens or desert landscapes.

Oriental Limelight Wormwood (A. vulgaris 'Janlim'): Variegated green and yellow foliage with a spreading habit, suitable for adding a pop of color to sunny borders.

For Culinary Uses:

Tarragon (A. dracunculus): Anise-flavored leaves used in French cuisine, best grown in rich, moist soil.

Sweet Wormwood (A. annua): Source of artemisinin, a compound used in antimalarial drugs, also has some culinary applications.

For Ornamental Flowers:

Silver Fountain Artemisia (A. stelleriana): Tall, airy plumes of silver-white flowers held above delicate foliage, excellent for adding height and movement to borders.

Louisiana Sagebrush (A. ludoviciana): Showy yellow flowers atop aromatic grey-green foliage, good for dry gardens and butterfly attraction.

Beach Wormwood (A. abrotanum): Ferny green foliage with yellow button flowers, thrives in coastal gardens and tolerates sandy soil.

And some unique beauties:

Wormwood 'Lambrook Silver': Short, compact with intensely silver foliage, ideal for small gardens or containers.

Curlicue Sage (A. versicolor 'Seafoam'): Delicate, fern-like foliage with a unique twist, perfect for adding textural interest and spiller effect.

Silver King Artemisia (A. lactiflora 'Silver King'): Tall, upright variety with large, silvery-white flower spikes, ideal for the back of borders or dramatic statements.

Remember, this is just a small sampling of the diverse world of Artemisia. You can explore countless other varieties to find the perfect fit for your needs and desires.

How Do I Care For Artemisia In My Garden?

Caring for your Artemisia in the garden can be quite easy and rewarding. Here are some key points to remember:

Sunlight and Soil:

Sun: Aim for at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Some varieties can tolerate partial shade, but full sun is best for optimal growth and foliage color.

Soil: Well-draining soil is crucial! Artemisia thrives in dry to medium-moisture conditions and will quickly decline if roots remain wet. Sandy or rocky soils are ideal, while clay or heavy soils need amending with compost or perlite to improve drainage. Aim for a soil pH between 5.5 and 8.0.

Watering:

Water regularly until the plant is established (usually 6-8 weeks after planting). Once established, Artemisia is very drought-tolerant and needs minimal watering. Water deeply only when the top inch of soil feels dry. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so err on the side of dryness.

Mulching:

A layer of mulch around the base of the plant can help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Use a well-draining mulch like gravel, stones, or crushed bark.

Fertilizing:

Artemisia generally does not require much fertilizer. A light application of compost or a balanced fertilizer in early spring may be sufficient. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to leggy growth and weaken the plant's drought tolerance.

Pruning:

Most Artemisia species do not require regular pruning. However, you can trim back leggy growth, unwanted branches, or spent flower stalks to maintain desired shape or size. Prune lightly in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges.

Additional Tips:

Different species have different mature sizes and needs. Be sure to research the specific requirements of the Artemisia variety you planted.

Consider dividing larger clumps of Artemisia every few years to rejuvenate the plants and prevent overcrowding.

Some Artemisia species can be invasive in certain regions. Check with your local gardening resources to ensure the variety you chose is not a problem in your area.

Observe your Artemisia for signs of pests or diseases, which are uncommon but can occur. Contact your local nursery or cooperative extension office for diagnosis and treatment advice.

By following these basic guidelines, you can enjoy healthy and thriving Artemisia plants in your garden for years to come. Remember, these are just general tips, and specific needs may vary depending on your climate and the type of Artemisia you have.

Do Artemisia Plants Attract Pollinators?

Artemisia plants do attract pollinators! While not all varieties are equally pollinator-friendly, several characteristics of Artemisia make them appealing to bees, butterflies, and other insects:

Blooms: Some Artemisia species, like Louisiana sagebrush (Artemisia ludoviciana) and Silver Fountain Artemisia (Artemisia stelleriana), produce showy yellow or white flowers that are rich in nectar, a sweet liquid that pollinators love.

Fragrance: Many Artemisia varieties have a strong, aromatic scent that can attract pollinators from afar. The scent can also repel harmful pests, making them beneficial companion plants for other garden flora.

Pollen: Even species with less showy flowers or shorter bloom times may still produce pollen that attracts bees and other pollinators.

Here are some specific Artemisia varieties known for attracting pollinators:

Bee's Breath (Artemisia absinthium): This variety has small, silvery-white flowers and a strong, aromatic scent that attracts bees.

Mexican Artemisia (Artemisia mexicana): This fast-growing perennial produces yellow flowers and attracts a variety of pollinators, including butterflies and hummingbirds.

Southernwood (Artemisia abrotanum): This variety has fern-like foliage and yellow button flowers that attract butterflies and other small insects.

However, it is important to note that not all Artemisia varieties are pollinator friendly. Some, like Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris), have small, inconspicuous flowers that offer little to no nectar or pollen. Additionally, some varieties contain chemicals that can be harmful to certain pollinators.

Here are some tips for using Artemisia to attract pollinators in your garden:

Plant a variety of Artemisia species: This will provide a longer bloom season and attract a wider range of pollinators.

Combine Artemisia with other pollinator-friendly plants: Create a diverse and inviting habitat for pollinators by planting Artemisia alongside other flowering plants, such as lavender, zinnias, and sunflowers.

Avoid using pesticides: Pesticides can harm pollinators, so use them sparingly or opt for organic methods of pest control.

By following these tips, you can create a beautiful and pollinator-friendly garden that benefits both plants and insects.

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Artemisia?

Artemisia generally boasts impressive pest and disease resistance, but like any plant, it can face some challenges. Here is a look at some common issues to be aware of:

Pests:

Aphids: These soft-bodied insects can suck sap from leaves and stems, causing wilting and distorted growth. They are more likely to appear in humid conditions or if your plant is stressed. A strong blast of water or spraying with insecticidal soap can usually take care of a mild infestation.

Mites: Spider mites and eriophyid mites can also affect Artemisia, causing stippling and discoloration on leaves. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be effective against these pests.

Leaf beetles: These small beetles can chew holes in leaves and stems. Handpicking or spraying with an insecticidal soap can manage them.

Slugs and snails: These slimy creatures can damage foliage, especially in damp conditions. Beer traps, diatomaceous earth, or handpicking can help control them.

Diseases:

Fungal diseases: Powdery mildew, rust, and botrytis blight can occur, especially in humid or poorly ventilated conditions. Improving air circulation and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent these diseases. Fungicides can be used if necessary.

Root rot: This fungal disease can be fatal to Artemisia and is most likely to occur in soil that is constantly wet. Ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering.

Viral diseases: Aster yellows virus can infect Artemisia, causing stunting, yellowing, and leaf distortion. Unfortunately, there is no cure for this virus, so infected plants should be removed and destroyed.

Other Issues:

Nematodes: These microscopic worms can damage roots, but they're less common on Artemisia.

Mineral deficiencies: Iron chlorosis can occur in some varieties, especially if planted in soil with high alkalinity. Iron chelates can be applied to correct this deficiency.

General Tips:

Provide Artemisia with the right growing conditions, including full sun and well-drained soil, to keep it healthy and reduce its susceptibility to pests and diseases.

Observe your plants regularly and address any problems early on to prevent them from spreading.

Avoid using harsh chemicals unless absolutely necessary, as they can harm beneficial insects and the environment.

If you are unsure about a pest or disease problem, consult your local nursery or cooperative extension office for diagnosis and treatment advice.

Remember, with proper care and attention, you can help your Artemisia plants thrive and remain pest- and disease-resistant.

Can I Use Artemisia In Floral Arrangements?

Artemisia is a fantastic addition to floral arrangements, offering a variety of textures, colors, and even scents to elevate your creations. Here is how you can incorporate it:

Foliage:

Silvery Touch: The most common reason to use Artemisia is its signature silvery foliage. Varieties like Silver Mound and Powis Castle add a cool, airy contrast to vibrant blooms like roses, tulips, or sunflowers.

Textural Contrast: The finely divided leaves of Artemisia provide a delicate contrast to bolder foliage like ferns, palm fronds, or even large tropical leaves.

Cascading Elegance: Some varieties like Silver Fountain Artemisia have flowing, fountain-like foliage that adds movement and grace to arrangements.

Scented Delights: Certain Artemisia species like Southernwood release a pleasant, citrusy aroma that can enhance the overall fragrance of your arrangement.

Flowers:

Subtle Accents: While not the main attraction, the small yellow or white flowers of some Artemisia varieties, like Louisiana Sagebrush, can add a touch of brightness and rustic charm to bouquets.

Dried Beauty: Certain species like Beach Wormwood dry beautifully and retain their color and texture, making them ideal for everlasting arrangements.

Tips for Using Artemisia in Floral Arrangements:

Prepare correctly: Cut Artemisia stems at an angle just before using them. Submerge the stems in lukewarm water for a few hours to keep them hydrated.

Combine wisely: Artemisia pairs well with a variety of flowers and foliage, depending on the desired effect. Consider color harmony, texture contrast, and overall balance.

Placement matters: Use Artemisia strategically to fill gaps, add height, or draw the eye. For example, place trailing varieties towards the edges and upright ones towards the center.

Long-lasting beauty: Fresh Artemisia can last for several days in arrangements, while dried varieties can extend the life of your creation significantly.

With a little creativity, Artemisia can become a valuable asset in your floral design toolbox. Do not hesitate to experiment and discover its versatility!

Is Artemisia Invasive?

The answer to whether Artemisia is invasive depends on the specific species and the region you are in. While many Artemisia varieties are well-behaved and pose no problem, some can be quite invasive in certain areas.

Here is a breakdown:

Invasive Artemisia:

Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris): This widespread species is invasive in many parts of North America, including the east coast, Midwest, and Pacific Northwest. It outcompetes native plants, disrupts ecosystems, and can even cause allergic reactions in some people.

Wormwood (Artemisia absinthium): This species can be invasive in parts of the western United States, particularly in disturbed areas like roadsides and wastelands.

Oriental Wormwood (Artemisia orientalis): This variety is aggressive in some parts of Europe and Asia, where it can spread quickly and form dense monocultures.

Non-invasive Artemisia:

Silver Mound Artemisia (A. schmidtiana 'Nana'): This popular garden variety is well-behaved and does not pose any invasive threat.

Powis Castle Artemisia (A. x 'Powis Castle'): Another popular choice, Powis Castle Artemisia is not known to be invasive.

Louisiana Sagebrush (A. ludoviciana): This native North American species is not invasive and often used in landscaping.

Before planting any Artemisia, it is crucial to research the specific variety and its invasive potential in your area. Consult your local gardening resources, like native plant societies or cooperative extension offices, for specific guidance.

Here are some additional tips for responsible Artemisia planting:

Purchase plants from reputable nurseries that sell non-invasive varieties for your region.

Avoid planting Artemisia near natural areas or undisturbed habitats.

Monitor your plants regularly and remove any unwanted spread if necessary.

By choosing the right species and taking appropriate precautions, you can enjoy the beauty and benefits of Artemisia without harming the environment.

When Is The Best Time To Divide Artemisia Plants?

The best time to divide Artemisia plants depends on several factors, including the specific variety, your climate, and the condition of your plant. Here is a breakdown to help you decide:

Generally:

Spring: This is the ideal time for most Artemisia varieties as it allows sufficient time for the plant to establish before winter. The soil is usually also moist from spring rains, making it easier to dig and work with.

Fall: Division can also be done in early fall in mild climates where temperatures remain above freezing for several weeks. This gives the plant a head start on settling in before the winter dormancy period.

Exceptions:

Warm-climate species: Varieties that prefer warmer temperatures, like Mexican Artemisia, can be divided in late summer or even early fall, depending on your local climate.

Evergreen varieties: Some evergreen Artemisia, like Silver Mound, can be divided throughout the year as long as the soil is not frozen.

Things to consider:

Plant size and health: Divide vigorous, mature plants rather than young or struggling ones. Ideally, the clump should be at least three years old and have multiple crowns.

Bloom time: Avoid dividing just before or during blooming as it can stress the plant and affect flower production.

Local weather: Pay attention to expected temperature drops and avoid dividing your Artemisia close to potential frosts.

Additional tips for successful division:

Prepare the planting site beforehand with well-drained, fertile soil.

Water the Artemisia plant thoroughly the day before dividing.

Use a sharp spade or knife to carefully separate the root ball into sections, ensuring each division has multiple stems and healthy roots.

Remove any dead or diseased parts of the plant before replanting.

Plant the divisions at the same depth as they were originally and water them well.

Mulch around the base of the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

By following these guidelines and adapting them to your specific circumstances, you can successfully divide your Artemisia plants and create new, healthy specimens to enjoy for years to come.

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