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Growing Russian Sage from Bare Root in Containers
Russian Sage (Perovskia atriplicifolia) is a beloved garden perennial, cherished for its unique texture, airy appearance, and impressive drought tolerance. Its silvery-blue foliage and tall spikes of lavender-blue flowers create a striking contrast in the garden, attracting pollinators and adding a touch of elegance. While traditional Russian Sage varieties can grow quite tall and may require staking, newer cultivars like 'Denim 'n Lace' offer a more compact and well-behaved habit, making them ideal for smaller gardens and containers. This guide will help you successfully establish and cultivate beautiful Russian Sage from bare root.
Planting:
Timing: Spring planting is ideal for bare-root Russian Sage, as it allows for quicker establishment (around 8 weeks). This is because the warm spring temperatures provide optimal conditions for root growth and development. Planting in the spring also gives the plants ample time to establish themselves before the stresses of summer heat and drought.
Containers: Choose well-drained 1-gallon containers filled with a quality potting mix that contains bark and peat moss. Aim for a slightly acidic to neutral pH (5.8-6.5). The bark and peat moss components of the potting mix provide excellent drainage and aeration, which are crucial for healthy root development. The slightly acidic to neutral pH is also beneficial for the growth of Russian Sage.
Planting Depth: The crown of the bare root (where the stems meet the roots) should be level with the soil surface. Planting the crown at the correct depth ensures proper root development and prevents the plant from rotting or becoming stressed. Avoid planting the crown too deep, as this can lead to root rot and poor growth.
Growing Conditions:
Light: Russian Sage is a sun-loving plant that thrives in full sun. It needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to grow and flower optimally. Full sun exposure helps to promote compact growth, vibrant flower color, and strong stems. Plants grown in partial shade may become leggy and produce fewer flowers. When growing Russian Sage indoors, place it in a sunny location with plenty of direct sunlight. A south-facing window is ideal, as it provides the most sunlight. If you do not have a south-facing window, you can use grow lights to supplement natural light. Be sure to place the lights close enough to the plants to provide adequate light intensity.
Temperature: Russian Sage prefers warm temperatures, with an ideal range of 68-72°F (20-22°C). This temperature range promotes healthy growth and flowering. However, the plant can tolerate a wider range of temperatures, from as low as 40-50°F (4-10°C) to as high as 90°F (32°C). If you are growing Russian Sage indoors, maintain a consistent temperature within this range. Avoid placing the plants near cold drafts or heat sources, as this can stress the plants and lead to poor growth.
If you are starting Russian Sage from seed or cuttings, you will need to provide a warm environment for germination or rooting. A temperature of 70-75°F (21-24°C) is ideal. Once the seedlings or cuttings have been established, they can be gradually acclimated to cooler temperatures.
Watering: Russian Sage is a drought-tolerant plant, but it will perform best with regular watering, especially during hot, dry weather. Allow the soil to dry out slightly between waterings but avoid letting it become completely dry. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so it is important to water deeply and infrequently. When watering, water at the base of the plant, avoiding getting the foliage wet. Wet foliage can lead to fungal diseases.
Fertilizing: Russian Sage is a low-maintenance plant that does not require heavy fertilization. However, you can apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in spring to promote healthy growth and flowering. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to excessive foliage growth and weak stems. A light application of compost or well-rotted manure can also be beneficial.
Pruning: Russian Sage can be pruned in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged stems. You can also prune the plant to shape it or to encourage bushier growth. To prune, simply cut back the stems to the desired height. Avoid pruning too heavily, as this can reduce flowering.
- Fertilizing: Feed with a constant liquid fertilizer providing 75-100 ppm nitrogen. Alternatively, incorporate a slow-release fertilizer into the potting mix at a rate of 1.0-1.25 lbs per cubic yard. Maintain a pour-through EC of 1.5-2.0.
Care and Maintenance:
- Spacing: 'Denim 'n Lace' and other compact varieties require less space than the species. Ensure good air circulation to minimize the risk of foliar diseases.
- Pinching: Bare-root Russian Sage typically needs minimal or no pinching.
- Pests and Diseases: Monitor for common pests like aphids, leafhoppers, spider mites, and whiteflies. Proper watering and cultural practices will help prevent root rot and stem blight.
Finishing and Forcing:
- Blooming: Expect blooms in 10-12 weeks at 68-72°F from a spring-planted bare-root.
- Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs): PGRs are usually unnecessary with adequate spacing and high light. If needed, a spray application of 2500 ppm Daminozide (B-Nine) can help control height. However, careful water management and avoiding excessive fertilization are often sufficient to manage growth.
Key Takeaways for Success:
Well-drained soil: This is essential for healthy root development. Russian Sage prefers well-drained soil to prevent root rot. Avoid planting in heavy clay soil that retains water. If your soil is heavy clay, amend it with compost or other organic matter to improve drainage.
Ample sunlight: Russian Sage loves the sun! It needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to grow and flower optimally. Full sun exposure helps to promote compact growth, vibrant flower color, and strong stems. Plants grown in partial shade may become leggy and produce fewer flowers.
Consistent moisture: Water regularly while the plant is establishing but avoid soggy conditions. Once established, Russian Sage is drought-tolerant and can tolerate periods of dry weather. However, during extended dry spells, it will benefit from occasional deep watering. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.
Good air circulation: Proper spacing helps prevent diseases. Plant Russian Sage with adequate space between plants to allow for good air circulation. This will help to prevent fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew and rust. Avoid overcrowding, as this can create a humid environment that is conducive to disease development.
Fertile soil: While Russian Sage is not a heavy feeder, it will benefit from the addition of organic matter to the soil. You can add compost or well-rotted manure to the planting hole before planting. This will improve the soil's fertility and drainage.
Mulching: Applying a layer of mulch around the base of the plant can help to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Use a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch, such as wood chips, bark chips, or straw. Keep the mulch away from the crown of the plant to prevent rot.
By following these guidelines, you can successfully grow beautiful, thriving Russian Sage from bare root, whether for your garden or commercial production.