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    • Hibiscus

    hibiscus-bareroot-size.jpgDoes it take a green thumb to grow a five-foot-tall hibiscus with a 10-inch bloom? Nope, all hibiscus need to flourish is full sun and consistently moist, well-drained soil.

    • Show-stopping blooms: The massive, vibrant flowers create a dramatic focal point in the landscape.
    • Long bloom season: Enjoy a continuous display of color from mid-summer to frost, especially with newer varieties that bloom for 2-3 months or more.
    • Variety of colors and forms: Choose from a wide range of flower colors, including white, pink, red, and bi-colors, with single or double blooms.
    • Attractive foliage: The large, heart-shaped leaves provide a lush backdrop for the flowers.
    • Versatility: Hardy hibiscus can be used in borders, as specimen plants, or even to create informal hedges.
    • Pollinator magnet: The large, showy flowers attract bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, supporting pollinator populations.
    • Wildlife habitat: The dense foliage provides shelter and nesting sites for birds and other small wildlife.
    • Erosion control: Their strong root systems help stabilize soil and prevent erosion, particularly in moist areas.
    • Easy care: Hardy hibiscus are relatively low-maintenance, requiring minimal care once established.
    • Drought tolerant: Once established, they can tolerate periods of drought, making them suitable for water-wise gardens.
    • Pest and disease resistant: They are generally resistant to most pests and diseases.
    • Adaptable: They can thrive in a variety of soil types and light conditions, although they prefer full sun.
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    Bare root hibiscus

    Hardy Hibiscus: A Summer Bloom Explosion

    Hardy hibiscus, a show-stopping perennial, brings the vibrant flair of the tropics to gardens even in colder climates. These deciduous shrubs, known for their massive, dinner-plate-sized blooms, are a true delight for any garden enthusiast.

    Two Blooming Types:

    • Determinate: These older varieties produce flowers mainly at the tips of their stems, resulting in a shorter bloom time (about a month).
    • Indeterminate: Newer varieties, like those from Walters Gardens, produce flowers along the stems and at the tips, leading to a much longer bloom period (2-3 months or more).

    A Summer-Long Spectacle:

    Hardy hibiscus starts blooming in mid-summer and often continues until the first frost. With hundreds of flowers possible per plant, especially with regular deadheading, you will enjoy a non-stop show of color.

    • Giant Blooms: The most striking feature of hardy hibiscus is their enormous flowers, which can reach up to 12 inches in diameter! These blooms come in a wide range of colors, including white, pink, red, and bi-colors, often with contrasting "eyes" at the center.
    • Long Bloom Period: Hardy hibiscus blooms from mid-summer until frost, providing a long-lasting display of color. Newer varieties, with "indeterminate" flowering habits, bloom even longer, for 2-3 months or more.
    • Cold Hardy: Unlike their tropical relatives, hardy hibiscus can withstand cold temperatures, thriving in USDA hardiness zones 4-9. This makes them suitable for a wide range of climates.
    • Easy Care: These plants are relatively low-maintenance, requiring minimal care once established.
    • Attracts Pollinators: The large, showy flowers are a magnet for pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.

    Growing Conditions:

    • Sunlight: Hardy hibiscus thrives in full sun, needing at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal blooming.
    • Soil: They prefer moist, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter.
    • Water: Consistent watering is important, especially during hot, dry periods, to ensure lush foliage and large blooms.
    • Fertilizer: A balanced fertilizer can be applied in spring to promote healthy growth.

    Care Tips:

    • Deadheading: Removing spent flowers encourages more blooms and prolongs the flowering period.
    • Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged stems and to shape the plant.
    • Winter Protection: In colder climates, mulch heavily around the base of the plant in late fall to protect the roots from freezing temperatures.

    Growing Tips:

    • Fertilize in Spring: Use an organic soil or apply fertilizer in spring. Avoid fertilizing after June to prevent excess nitrogen, which can hinder flowering.
    • Pinch for Branching: Encourage bushier growth by pinching back new shoots when they reach 2 inches long. Do not pinch back to the woody stem.
    • Winter Protection: Mulch heavily in the first winter to protect the roots. Cut back any remaining stems in spring before new growth appears.

    Design Ideas:

    With their dramatic blooms and varying sizes, hardy hibiscus can be used as:

    • Focal Points: Their large flowers command attention.
    • Borders: They add vibrant color to garden beds.
    • Background Plantings: Taller varieties can be used as a backdrop for other plants.
    • Informal Hedges: Taller varieties can be planted to create a loose hedge.

    Low-Maintenance Beauty:

    Hardy hibiscus is generally pest and disease-free, making it a relatively low-maintenance choice for a stunning summer garden.

    Hibiscus moscheutos: The Spectacular Swamp Rose Mallow

    Hibiscus moscheutos, commonly known as swamp rose mallow, hardy hibiscus, or eastern rose mallow, is a truly special plant that brings a touch of the tropics to temperate gardens. Its enormous, flamboyant flowers and impressive stature make it a standout in any landscape.

    • Spectacular Flowers: The most striking feature is the size of its blooms, which can reach up to 6-9 inches in diameter – some of the largest flowers of any perennial hardy to colder climates. These saucer-shaped flowers come in shades of white, pink, and red, often with a contrasting deep crimson or maroon eye.
    • Long Blooming Period: Despite individual flowers lasting only a day or two, Hibiscus moscheutos produces a continuous succession of blooms from mid-summer to early fall, providing weeks of vibrant color. A mature plant can produce over 20 flowers per day at its peak.
    • Wildlife Magnet: The large, colorful flowers are highly attractive to pollinators like bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, making it a valuable addition to wildlife gardens. It also serves as a host plant for the caterpillars of 28 butterfly and moth species.
    • Adaptable and Hardy: Despite its tropical appearance, this hibiscus is remarkably cold-hardy (typically Zones 5-9) and tolerant of heat and humidity. It thrives in moist to wet soils, making it suitable for rain gardens and areas with poor drainage.
    • Low Maintenance: Once established, it requires relatively little care, making it a rewarding plant for both novice and experienced gardeners.
    • Native Beauty: It is native to southeastern Canada and the eastern and central United States, extending down to Mexico, supporting local ecosystems.

    Hibiscus moscheutos is a vigorous, sturdy, and somewhat shrubby herbaceous perennial. It dies back to the ground in winter and re-emerges in spring, growing rapidly to an impressive height of 3 to 7 feet and a spread of 2 to 4 feet. It has an upright, bushy habit, forming a dense mound of foliage and flowers.

    • Flowers: Large, showy, saucer-shaped, typically 4-6 inches but can reach 9 inches in diameter. Five overlapping petals in shades of white, creamy white, pink, or red, often with a contrasting reddish-purple to dark crimson central eye. Each flower has a prominent central staminal column with white to pale yellow anthers surrounding a longer style. Individual flowers last only 1-2 days.
    • Leaves: Alternate, broad-ovate to lanceolate, 3-8 inches long, with toothed margins. The upper surface is green, while the underside is often white-hairy. Leaves can be lobeless or have 3-5 shallow lobes.
    • Stems: Hairy-stemmed, woody at the base.
    • Seed Capsules: Produce capsules that can float on water, aiding in seed dispersal.

    Native Habitat: Hibiscus moscheutos is native to wet areas such as marshes, swamps, floodplains, riverbanks, moist meadows, and moist woods of southern and eastern North America, extending from Ontario and Massachusetts south to Ohio, Indiana, Alabama, and Florida, and west to Texas and even disjunct populations in Utah and California. It thrives in wet, organically rich soils.

    Landscaping Design Tips:

    • Specimen Plant: Its dramatic size and flowers make it an excellent focal point in a sunny garden bed or border.
    • Back of Borders: Use it as a backdrop for smaller perennials and annuals.
    • Rain Gardens and Water Features: Its tolerance for wet soils makes it ideal for planting around ponds, streams, and in rain gardens.
    • Butterfly Gardens: A must-have for attracting butterflies and other pollinators.
    • Cut Flowers: The large blooms can be cut and brought indoors for stunning floral arrangements, although they will only last a day or two.
    • Temporary Summer Screen or Hedge: Its rapid growth and dense foliage can provide a temporary screen or informal hedge during the summer months.
    • Container Gardening: Some more compact varieties are suitable for large containers, adding a tropical flair to patios and decks.
    • Combine with: Pair it with other moisture-loving perennials like Joe-Pye weed (Eupatorium), cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), and ornamental grasses for a dynamic and colorful garden bed.

    Planting and Care:

    • Planting: Plant in spring after the last frost. Choose a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily for optimal blooming. While it tolerates partial shade, full sun produces the best flowers and strongest stems. Ensure the root ball is level with the soil surface when planting. Space plants about 2-4 feet apart depending on the variety.
    • Soil: Thrives in average to wet soils that are well-drained. It prefers organically rich soil but can adapt to clay or loamy soils as long as they do not dry out. Amend the soil with compost before planting to improve drainage and fertility.
    • Watering: Requires regular and deep watering, especially during dry periods. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Larger flowers and lush foliage are achieved with consistent watering.
    • Fertilizing: Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring and again in mid-summer to encourage vigorous growth and abundant flowering.
    • Pruning: Pinch back growing tips when they reach 8 inches and again at 12 inches if a bushier plant is desired. Deadhead individual flowers to maintain plant appearance and potentially encourage more blooms. Cut back stems to approximately 3-4 inches in late autumn after the foliage has died back.
    • Mulching: Apply a 2–3-inch layer of mulch around the base of the plant to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and protect the roots in winter.
    • Pests and Diseases: Generally resistant but watch out for potential issues like Japanese beetles (which can damage foliage), aphids, whiteflies, and scale. Fungal diseases like leaf spot and rust can occur, especially in humid conditions or with poor air circulation. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
    • Winter Care: In colder climates (Zone 5 and potentially parts of Zone 6), a layer of mulch can help protect the crown over winter. New growth shoots are slow to emerge in spring, so be patient.
    • Propagation: Can be propagated by seeds, stem cuttings (best done in spring or early summer), or division of the crown during winter dormancy.

    Taxonomy:

    • Kingdom: Plantae
    • Clade: Tracheophytes
    • Clade: Angiosperms
    • Clade: Eudicots
    • Clade: Rosids
    • Order: Malvales
    • Family: Malvaceae (Mallow Family)
    • Genus: Hibiscus
    • Species: Hibiscus moscheutos L.

    Morphology:

    • Habit: Herbaceous perennial with an upright, bushy, and somewhat shrubby form.
    • Height: Typically, 3-7 feet.
    • Spread: Typically, 2-4 feet.
    • Root System: Fibrous.
    • Stems: Hirsute (hairy), woody at the base.
    • Leaves: Simple, alternate, broad-ovate to lanceolate, with toothed margins, often with 3-5 shallow lobes, green above, and often white-hairy beneath.
    • Flowers: Large, solitary, axillary and terminal, with five overlapping petals and a prominent central staminal column.
    • Fruit: A capsule containing numerous seeds.

    Popular Varieties: Many beautiful cultivars of Hibiscus moscheutos have been developed, offering a range of flower colors, sizes, and plant heights. Some popular varieties include:

    • 'Luna' Series: Known for their more compact size (2-3 feet tall) and large flowers in shades of white ('Luna White'), pink ('Luna Pink Swirl'), and red ('Luna Red').
    • 'Disco Belle' Series: Features very large, dinner-plate-sized flowers on compact plants. Varieties include 'Disco Belle White', 'Disco Belle Pink', and 'Disco Belle Red'.
    • 'Cranberry Crush': Deep cranberry-red flowers and attractive dark foliage.
    • 'Kopper King': Striking copper-red foliage and large pink flowers with a red eye.
    • 'Lord Baltimore': Intense scarlet-red flowers.
    • 'Lady Baltimore': Soft pink flowers with a red eye.
    • 'Peppermint Schnapps': White flowers with pink speckles and a red eye.
    • 'Summerific' Series: A range of cultivars with various flower colors and often more refined foliage. Examples include 'Berry Awesome' (lavender-pink), 'Grape Sorbet' (deep purple-pink), and 'Holy Grail' (vibrant red).

    Other Insights for Gardeners:

    • Slow to Emerge in Spring: Do not be alarmed if your Hibiscus moscheutos is slow to show new growth in the spring. It typically waits for warmer soil temperatures.
    • Self-Seeding: It can self-seed, but generally not aggressively. If you want to control its spread, deadhead the spent flowers before the seed pods mature.
    • Deer and Rabbit Resistance: While not entirely immune, Hibiscus moscheutos is generally considered to be deer and rabbit resistant. However, in areas with high populations, they may still nibble on the foliage if other food sources are scarce.
    • Staking: Taller varieties with very large flowers may occasionally require staking, especially in windy locations, to prevent the stems from breaking.
    • Edible Parts: Interestingly, some parts of the plant are edible, including young leaves and shoots (cooked), flowers, and immature seed pods (can be used like okra). However, it is best to be certain of identification and avoid consuming plants treated with pesticides.

    By understanding these aspects of Hibiscus moscheutos, gardeners can successfully cultivate this magnificent perennial and enjoy its spectacular blooms and ecological benefits for years to come.

    Hibiscus FAQ

    Hardy hibiscus, also known as Rose Mallow or Swamp Hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos), are a specific type of hibiscus known for their impressive size, vibrant blooms, and resilience in colder climates. Here are some of their key characteristics:

    Showstopping blooms:

    • Size: The defining feature of hardy hibiscus is their massive flowers, often nicknamed "dinnerplate hibiscus" due to their impressive 8–12-inch diameter.
    • Colors: They come in a wide range of colors, including white, pink, red, purple, and even bi-colored varieties. Some cultivars boast unique patterns and eye-catching centers.
    • Blooming season: These beauties flower prolifically from mid-summer to early fall, continuously putting on a show with new blooms replacing spent ones.

    Plant stature and foliage:

    • Habit: Hardy hibiscus grow as upright, bushy shrubs, typically reaching 3-7 feet tall and 2-4 feet wide.
    • Foliage: The medium to dark green leaves provides a lush backdrop for the vibrant blooms. Some cultivars even offer burgundy or dark purple foliage for added interest.

    Adaptability and hardiness:

    • Climate: Unlike their tropical cousins, hardy hibiscus lives up to their name, thriving in USDA zones 4-9, tolerating temperatures as low as -30°F.
    • Soil: They prefer moist, well-drained soil but can adapt to various conditions, including clay and sandy soils.
    • Sun exposure: Full sun is ideal for optimal flowering, but they can tolerate some light shade.
    • Maintenance: Generally low-maintenance, requiring minimal pruning and occasional deadheading to encourage more blooms.

    Additional benefits:

    • Attracts pollinators: The large flowers attract hummingbirds, butterflies, and other beneficial insects.
    • Deer-resistant: A bonus for gardeners worried about hungry herbivores.
    • Salt tolerance: Adapts well to coastal environments with salty air and soil.

    Overall, hardy hibiscus offers a stunning combination of beauty, resilience, and ease of care, making them a popular choice for both novice and experienced gardeners.

    Planting bare-root hardy hibiscus is a rewarding experience, and with proper care, your shrub will reward you with years of stunning blooms. Here is how to get started:

    Timing:

    The ideal time to plant bare-root hardy hibiscus is in early spring before new growth appears. This allows the roots to establish themselves before the hot summer months. In your location (Georgia), aim to plant between late March and mid-April.

    Preparation:

    • Inspect the roots: Upon receiving your bare-root hibiscus, gently immerse the roots in water for 30 minutes to rehydrate them. Prune any broken or damaged roots with clean shears.
    • Prepare the planting site: Choose a location with full sun (at least 6 hours daily) and well-drained soil. Dig a hole twice as wide and deep as the root ball. Mix some compost or aged manure into the excavated soil to improve drainage and fertility.

    Planting:

    • Place the plant in the hole: Spread the roots out evenly and ensure the graft union (the knob where the stem meets the roots) is at or slightly above soil level.
    • Backfill the hole: Fill the hole with the amended soil, gently firming it around the base of the plant to eliminate air pockets.
    • Water thoroughly: Water deeply to settle the soil and soak the roots.

    Aftercare:

    • Mulch: Apply a layer of organic mulch around the base of the plant to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
    • Water regularly: Keep the soil consistently moist, especially during the first growing season. Water deep and less frequently rather than shallow and more often.
    • Fertilize sparingly: Feed the plant with a balanced fertilizer once in late spring and again in mid-summer. Avoid overfertilizing, as this can encourage excessive foliage growth at the expense of blooms.
    • Pruning: Prune lightly in late winter or early spring to remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches. You can also shape the plant at this time.

    Additional tips:

    • If you live in a colder climate, consider protecting the base of the plant with mulch or burlap during the winter months.
    • Deadheading spent blooms will encourage further flower production throughout the season.
    • Be patient! It may take a few years for your bare-root hibiscus to reach its full size and blooming potential.

    By following these simple steps, you can successfully plant and care for your bare-root hardy hibiscus, enjoying its vibrant blooms for years to come.

    That depends on what kind of hibiscus you are talking about! There are two main types:

    1. Tropical Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis):  

    • These are the hibiscus you often see in tropical climates or as houseplants. They have glossy leaves and come in a wide array of colors.
    • Tropical hibiscus are NOT frost-tolerant. They will die if temperatures drop below freezing.
    • To overwinter them, you will need to bring them indoors or treat them as annuals (replanting each year).

    2. Hardy Hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos, Hibiscus laevis, and hybrids):

    • These are also known as rose mallow, swamp mallow, or dinner-plate hibiscus.
    • Hardy hibiscus ARE frost-tolerant. They die back to the ground in winter but re-emerge in spring.
    • They are perennial in USDA hardiness zones 4-9, meaning they can survive winter temperatures as low as -30°F.

    So, to answer your question directly:

    • Tropical hibiscus generally do NOT come back every year unless you live in a frost-free climate or bring them indoors for the winter.
    • Hardy hibiscus DO come back every year in their hardiness zones. They are true perennials that die back in winter and regrow in spring.

    Important Note: Even hardy hibiscus can sometimes be slow to emerge in spring. Do not worry if you do not see signs of life right away – they often take their time to wake up! 

    Hardy hibiscus plants are surprisingly long-lived for a perennial that dies back to the ground each winter! With proper care, they can grace your garden for 15 to 20 years, or even longer.

    Here are some factors that can influence their lifespan:

    • Variety: Some cultivars are naturally more vigorous and long-lived than others.
    • Growing Conditions: Providing optimal growing conditions, including full sun, moist soil, and good drainage, will contribute to a longer lifespan.
    • Care: Proper care, including watering, fertilizing, and winter protection, can help your hardy hibiscus thrive for many years.
    • Pests and Diseases: While generally hardy, hibiscus can be susceptible to certain pests and diseases. Keeping an eye out for problems and addressing them promptly can help prolong the plant's life.
    • Winter Conditions: Harsh winters can sometimes take a toll on hardy hibiscus. Providing winter protection, such as mulching, can help them survive and thrive for many years.

    To maximize the lifespan of your hardy hibiscus:

    • Choose a healthy plant: Start with a strong, healthy plant from a reputable nursery.
    • Plant in the right spot: Select a location with full sun and well-drained soil.
    • Water regularly: Provide consistent moisture, especially during hot, dry periods.
    • Fertilize in spring: Use a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth.
    • Mulch in winter: Apply a thick layer of mulch around the base of the plant in late fall to protect the roots from freezing temperatures.
    • Divide every few years: Dividing mature clumps can help rejuvenate the plant and promote longevity.

    With proper care and attention, your hardy hibiscus can be a long-lived and cherished member of your garden, rewarding you with its stunning blooms year after year.

    Taking care of your hardy hibiscus is not too demanding, but following these guidelines will ensure it thrives and rewards you with its vibrant blooms:

    Watering:

    • Moist soil is key: Hardy hibiscus prefer consistently moist soil but not soggy conditions. Water deeply and regularly, especially during hot, dry periods. Aim for 1-2 inches of water per week, adjusting based on rainfall and soil drainage.
    • Mulch your friend: Applying a 2–3-inch layer of organic mulch around the base of the plant helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature.

    Feeding:

    • Go easy on fertilizer: While established plants do not require heavy feeding, you can provide a light boost using a balanced fertilizer once in late spring and again in mid-summer. Avoid overfertilizing, as it can lead to excessive foliage growth and fewer blooms.

    Pruning:

    • Winter prune for shape: The main pruning happens in late winter or early spring before new growth appears. Remove dead, damaged, or crossing branches to improve air circulation and encourage bushier growth. You can also shape the plant at this time if desired.
    • Deadheading encourages more blooms: Throughout the growing season, deadhead spent blooms by pinching them off just below the flower head. This promotes continuous blooming and prevents seed formation, which can weaken the plant.

    Additional care:

    • Winter protection (optional): In colder climates (USDA zones 4-5), consider protecting the base of the plant with mulch or burlap during winter to insulate the roots.
    • Deer resistance: Fortunately, hardy hibiscus are deer-resistant, making them a good choice for areas frequented by these herbivores.

    Remember:

    • Patience is key: It may take a few years for your young hardy hibiscus to reach its full size and blooming potential.
    • Observe and adjust: Pay attention to your plant's growth and adjust your watering, fertilization, or pruning routine as needed based on its specific requirements and your local climate.
    • Enjoy the rewards: With proper care, your hardy hibiscus will reward you with years of stunning blooms, attracting pollinators, and adding a touch of summer magic to your garden.

    I hope this comprehensive guide helps you care for your hardy hibiscus and enjoy its beauty for years to come!

    Hardy hibiscus is a magnet for pollinators! Its characteristics make it an ideal food source and habitat for a variety of beneficial insects, including:

    • Hummingbirds: The large, trumpet-shaped flowers with their readily accessible nectar are perfect for hummingbirds to feed from. The bright colors, often red, pink, or orange, further attract these feathered visitors.
    • Butterflies: Many butterfly species, such as monarchs, swallowtails, and fritillaries, are drawn to the nectar and pollen of hardy hibiscus blooms. The long stamen with protruding pollen makes it easy for them to collect this nutritious food.
    • Bees: Both native and honeybees find the pollen and nectar of hardy hibiscus highly attractive. The large flowers provide ample landing space, and the pollen grains are sticky, readily clinging to their bodies as they forage.
    • Other pollinators: Hardy hibiscus also attracts various other pollinators, including beetles, flies, and moths. These insects contribute to the plant's reproduction by carrying pollen between flowers, ensuring successful seed production.

    Here are some additional reasons why hardy hibiscus is a pollinator favorite:

    • Long blooming season: Flowers continuously from mid-summer to early fall, providing a reliable source of food for pollinators throughout the season.
    • Fragrant blooms: Some varieties have a sweet, pleasant fragrance that further attracts pollinators.
    • Open flower structure: The easy access to nectar and pollen makes it less energy-intensive for pollinators to collect their rewards.

    By including hardy hibiscus in your garden, you can not only enjoy its vibrant beauty but also contribute to the health and biodiversity of your local ecosystem by supporting vital pollinators.

    Hardy hibiscus are not immune to pests and diseases. While low-maintenance, they can be susceptible to certain issues. Here are some common ones to watch out for:

    Pests:

    • Aphids: These tiny, soft-bodied insects suck sap from leaves and stems, causing stunting and yellowing. You might also see their honeydew secretions attracting ants.
    • Whiteflies: Similar to aphids, these small whiteflies cluster on the undersides of leaves, feeding on sap and leaving behind sticky honeydew.
    • Japanese beetles: These metallic green beetles with copper-colored wing covers can skeletonize leaves, leaving only the veins behind.
    • Caterpillars: Various caterpillars from different species can munch on leaves, causing significant damage.
    • Slugs and snails: These slimy creatures feed on leaves and flowers, leaving behind telltale slime trails.

    Diseases:

    • Botrytis blight (gray mold): This fungal disease thrives in humid conditions, causing gray, fuzzy mold on leaves, stems, and flowers.
    • Leaf spots: Fungal or bacterial leaf spots can appear as brown, yellow, or black spots on leaves, potentially leading to defoliation.
    • Powdery mildew: This white, powdery fungal growth on leaves can weaken the plant and affect flower production.
    • Stem canker: This fungal disease causes cankers (sunken areas) on stems, which can stunt growth and eventually kill the plant.

    Prevention and Control:

    • Promote good air circulation: Plant your hibiscus in a location with good airflow to discourage fungal diseases.
    • Water deeply and at the base of the plant: Avoid overhead watering, which can spread fungal spores.
    • Deadhead spent blooms: This removes potential harboring sites for diseases and pests.
    • Encourage beneficial insects: Ladybugs, lacewings, and other beneficial insects can help control pest populations naturally.
    • Use organic methods first: Try insecticidal soap, neem oil, or horticultural oils to control pests before resorting to chemical pesticides.
    • Choose resistant varieties: Some hibiscus varieties are more resistant to specific pests and diseases.
    • Proper sanitation: Clean up fallen leaves and debris around the plant to reduce disease and pest overwintering sites.

    Remember: Early detection and intervention are key to managing pests and diseases effectively. Regularly inspect your hardy hibiscus and act promptly if you notice any signs of trouble. By providing proper care and taking preventative measures, you can help your hardy hibiscus thrive and continue to attract pollinators while adding beauty to your garden.

    While hardy hibiscus flowers are stunning and visually captivating, using them in floral arrangements comes with some challenges and limitations:

    • Short vase life: Unfortunately, the biggest drawback is their short vase life. The large, delicate blooms typically only last 1-2 days after cutting, even with proper care. This makes them less ideal for long-lasting arrangements compared to other popular cut flowers.
    • Stem limitations: Another challenge is the short stem of the hibiscus flower. This limits their placement options in arrangements and can make them difficult to secure properly.

    Workarounds and alternatives:

    Despite these limitations, there are some ways to incorporate hardy hibiscus into your arrangements:

    • Use them as the star of the show: Design an arrangement featuring a single, freshly cut hibiscus bloom as the centerpiece. Surround it with complementary foliage or filler flowers with longer lifespans.
    • Highlight their beauty briefly: Consider using them in short-lived arrangements for special occasions or photo shoots, where their stunning appearance outweighs their fleeting nature.
    • Explore dried hibiscus: Dried hibiscus flowers retain their vibrant colors and can be incorporated into dried flower arrangements or wreaths for a lasting decorative touch.
    • Substitute with longer-lasting options: If longevity is crucial, consider alternative flowers with similar colors and shapes, such as peonies, dahlias, or lilies.

    Additional tips:

    • Harvest early morning: Pick the blooms just as they open for the best vase life.
    • Cut stems diagonally: This increases water uptake.
    • Condition the stems: Place them in warm water for several hours before arranging.
    • Use floral preservative: Add a commercial floral preservative to the vase water to extend their lifespan slightly.
    • Mist the blooms: Lightly misting the petals occasionally can help maintain their freshness.

    By understanding the limitations and exploring creative workarounds, you can still enjoy the beauty of hardy hibiscus in your floral arrangements, even if for a shorter duration.

    Whether hardy hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos) is considered invasive depends on your specific location. While listed as non-invasive, it can exhibit invasive tendencies in certain areas with suitable conditions.

    Here is a breakdown of its invasive potential:

    Non-invasive traits:

    • Native to specific regions: Hardy hibiscus is native to wetlands and floodplains in eastern and central North America. In its natural habitat, it plays a role in the ecosystem without causing harm.
    • Limited seed dispersal: The seeds do not readily germinate far from the parent plant, minimizing aggressive spread.

    Potential for invasiveness:

    • Adaptability: It can adapt to a wide range of soil and moisture conditions, potentially making it competitive in non-native environments.
    • Hybridization: Cultivated varieties may hybridize with native species, potentially altering their genetic makeup and impacting local ecosystems.
    • Aggressive growth: In ideal conditions, it can spread vegetatively through underground runners, potentially forming dense colonies that exclude other plants.

    Regional considerations:

    • Check local authorities: Different regions have varying regulations and recommendations regarding invasive plants. Consult your local extension service or garden center to understand the specific risk in your area.
    • Choose native alternatives: If you are concerned about potential invasiveness, consider planting native alternatives with similar aesthetic qualities, such as swamp rose mallow (Hibiscus laevis) or swamp hollyhock (Hibiscus grandiflorus).

    Responsible gardening practices:

    • Buy from reputable sources: Choose nurseries that propagate ethically sourced, non-invasive varieties.
    • Avoid planting near natural areas: Minimize the risk of introduction into ecosystems where it could become problematic.
    • Monitor and manage spread: If you already have hardy hibiscus, monitor its growth, and remove any unwanted seedlings to prevent unwanted spread.

    By understanding the nuances of hardy hibiscus's invasive potential and following responsible gardening practices, you can enjoy its beauty while minimizing any negative impact on the environment.

    There are two main methods for propagating hardy hibiscus: taking cuttings and sowing seeds. The best time for each method differs slightly:

    Taking Cuttings:

    • Preferred method: Taking cuttings is considered the easier and more successful way to propagate hardy hibiscus, as it ensures your new plant will be an exact replica of the parent plant.
    • Ideal timing: The **optimal time for taking cuttings is early to mid-spring when new growth is actively emerging. This ensures the cuttings have enough mature material for successful rooting and development.
    • Alternative timing: You can also take softwood cuttings in late summer, but their success rate might be lower compared to spring cuttings.

    Sowing Seeds:

    • Less reliable method: Propagating from seed can be more challenging and may not guarantee identical offspring to the parent plant.
    • Timing options: There are two options for sowing seeds:
    • Indoor sowing: Start seeds 6-12 weeks before the last frost in your area. This allows the seedlings to develop strong root systems before being transplanted outdoors.
    • Outdoor sowing: Direct sow seeds outdoors after all danger of frost has passed, typically in late spring or early summer.

    Additional factors to consider:

    • Climate: Warmer climates with longer growing seasons offer more flexibility in timing for both methods.
    • Local conditions: Adapt your timing based on your specific climate and average spring/summer temperatures.
    • Plant maturity: Choose healthy, mature plants for cuttings, and ensure seeds are viable and disease-free.

    Conclusion:

    For the best results in propagating hardy hibiscus, stick to spring cuttings taken from actively growing new shoots. If you prefer sowing seeds, start them indoors well before the last frost or wait for consistent warm weather before direct sowing outdoors. Remember to always adjust your timing based on your local climate and specific conditions.

    Hibiscus is an easy crop to grow if you follow some of the following guidelines.

    Potting and Timing

    Bare root Hibiscus should be potted immediately upon arrival. Pot one bare root plant per 3-gal container in a peat/bark soil mix with a pH of 6.0-6.5. Place the dormant plants directly outside after the last frost date and place on drip irrigation, taking care to space the pots a minimum of 18” apart. Allow 12-14 weeks for plants to finish.

    Cultural Recommendations

    Fertility

    Hibiscus require ample amounts of fertilizer to support its fast growth rate. Feed plants with a constant liquid feed of 150-200ppm nitrogen at every irrigation or incorporate a medium rate of controlled release fertilizer at potting. An EC rate of 2.5-3.5 using the pour-though method is best.

    Moisture

    It is very critical that you never let Hibiscus dry out. Yellowing leaves and buds, and the ensuing leaf and bud drop, indicate that the plants are too dry. Drip irrigation is highly recommended.

    Lighting

    Hibiscus requires very high light intensities to initiate flower production and to produce the proper foliage pigmentation. ‘Berry Awesome’ will be greener if grown indoors under UV inhibitor plastic, but will develop rich, olive green foliage when grown outdoors. Grow Hibiscus in full sun outdoors or if necessary, in greenhouses with very high light intensities. Long days are required for flowering.

    Temperature

    Hibiscus is a crop that must be grown warm and thrives in heat—ideal temperatures are 68°F or higher. Cool temperatures will result in very slow growth and chlorotic foliage. Growing plants outdoors in summer is ideal as long as they can be kept moist.

    Finished Hibiscus plants are an absolute showstopper at retail with big, tropical-looking blooms

    Pests and Diseases

    The most common pests to attack Hibiscus are Japanese beetles, sawflies, spider mites, and whiteflies. Scout regularly for pests. Plant diseases are quite rare on this crop.

    Finishing Tips

    Pinching & PGR’s

    After potting, pinch the top growth back once to 3-5 nodes. Drench the entire plant with 1ppm uniconazole (Sumagic) one week after pinching. Allow 6 weeks from the time of the last pinch to flower. Spacing plants very well is essential to creating well-rounded finished plants.

    Forcing

    Forcing is not recommended for Hibiscus as they require long days for flowering, and it is costly to force them into bloom. It is recommended that growers allow these plants to flower naturally beginning in midsummer to maintain their margin on the crop.

    Hibiscus Species

    The world of hibiscus is incredibly diverse, with hundreds of species and countless cultivars boasting a wide range of sizes, shapes, colors, and growing habits. Here is a glimpse into some of the most popular and distinct varieties:

    Tropical Hibiscus (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis):

    • Often called Chinese hibiscus or shoehorn flower, this species is known for its large, showy blooms in vibrant colors like red, pink, orange, yellow, and even bi-colored combinations.
    • Thrives in warm, humid climates and is typically grown as a container plant in cooler regions.
    • Popular cultivars include 'Red Lightning', 'Double Red', 'Matisse', and 'Hawaiian Punch'.

    Hardy Hibiscus (Hibiscus moscheutos):

    • Also known as Rose mallow or swamp hibiscus, this species features massive, dinnerplate-sized blooms (up to twelve inches!) in shades of red, pink, white, purple, and bi-colors.
    • More cold-tolerant than tropical hibiscus, surviving in USDA zones 4-9.
    • Popular cultivars include 'Luna Red', 'Cranberry Crush', 'Midnight Marvel', and 'Starry Starry Night'.

    Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus syriacus):

    • A deciduous shrub with smaller, single, or double blooms in shades of white, pink, lavender, and blue.
    • Highly adaptable and tolerates a wide range of soil conditions.
    • Popular cultivars include 'Blue Bird', 'Minerva', 'White Chiffon', and 'Red Heart'.

    Confederate Rose (Hibiscus mutabilis):

    • Also known as Dixie rose or changeable rose, this species exhibits a unique characteristic - its flowers change color from white to pink to red as they mature.
    • Fast-growing and can reach up to ten feet in height.
    • Less winter-hardy compared to other varieties.

    Kenaf Hibiscus (Hibiscus cannabinus):

    • Primarily grown for its fibers used in rope, textiles, and paper production, but also valued for its large, yellow flowers.
    • Tall annual plant reaching up to ten feet.
    • Not commonly found in garden settings.

    Texas Star Hibiscus (Hibiscus coccineus):

    • Native to the southwestern United States and Mexico, this species features bright red, star-shaped blooms.
    • Drought-tolerant and adaptable to hot, dry climates.
    • Relatively short-lived perennial but readily self-seeds.

    Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa):

    • Primarily cultivated for its calyces (the fleshy base of the flower) used in teas, jams, and jellies.
    • Annual plant with red or white flowers.
    • Grown for its culinary value rather than ornamental appeal.

    Remember that this is just a small sampling of the incredible diversity within the hibiscus genus. With so many unique varieties to explore, you are sure to find the perfect hibiscus to add a touch of tropical flair to your garden!

    Hibiscus moscheutos, commonly known as swamp rose mallow or crimsoneyed rosemallow, is a stunning native perennial that brings a touch of tropical beauty to wetlands and gardens across North America. It is a favorite for its huge, showy flowers and adaptability to moist environments.

    Distinctive Features:

    • Massive Blooms: The most captivating feature of Hibiscus moscheutos is its enormous flowers, which can reach up to 10 inches in diameter! These saucer-shaped blooms come in shades of white, pink, and red, often with a deep red center that gives it the "crimsoneyed" name.
    • Tall and Stately: This hibiscus species can reach an impressive height of 3 to 8 feet, creating a bold vertical presence in the garden.
    • Late Summer Blooms: Hibiscus moscheutos puts on its floral show in late summer, typically from July to September, providing a welcome burst of color as other plants begin to fade.
    • Attractive Foliage: The large, heart-shaped leaves, sometimes with toothed edges, provide a lush backdrop for the vibrant flowers.

    Natural Habitat:

    • As its common name suggests, Hibiscus moscheutos thrives in wetland environments. It is naturally found in swamps, marshes, and along the edges of ponds and streams. This makes it an excellent choice for rain gardens, bog gardens, or areas with consistently moist soil.

    Growing Conditions:

    • Sunlight: While it can tolerate some shade, Hibiscus moscheutos blooms best in full sun (at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day).
    • Soil: It prefers moist, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. It can tolerate clay soil and even slightly salty conditions.
    • Water: Consistent moisture is essential, especially during hot, dry periods.
    • Hardiness: Hibiscus moscheutos is hardy in USDA zones 4-9, making it suitable for a wide range of climates.

    Benefits and Uses:

    • Pollinator Magnet: The large, showy flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.
    • Wildlife Habitat: It provides shelter and food for birds and other wildlife.
    • Erosion Control: Its strong root system helps to stabilize soil and prevent erosion in wetland areas.
    • Ornamental Plant: Hibiscus moscheutos is a stunning addition to gardens, adding a touch of tropical beauty to borders, rain gardens, and naturalized areas.

    Care Tips:

    • Deadheading: Removing spent flowers can encourage more blooms and prolong the flowering period.
    • Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged stems.
    • Winter Protection: In colder climates, mulch heavily around the base of the plant in late fall to protect the roots from freezing temperatures.

    Hibiscus moscheutos is a beautiful and beneficial native plant that brings a touch of the tropics to any garden. Its adaptability to moist conditions, stunning flowers, and value to wildlife make it a popular choice for gardeners and nature enthusiasts alike.

    Hibiscus laevis, also known as halberd-leaved rose mallow or smooth rose mallow, is a captivating native hibiscus species that graces wetlands and gardens with its elegant blooms and unique foliage.

    Distinctive Features:

    • Showy Flowers: Hibiscus laevis produces large, saucer-shaped flowers, typically 3-4 inches in diameter, in shades of white or pink. The five petals overlap, creating a delicate and graceful appearance. These blooms open during the day and close at night.
    • Unique Foliage: The most distinctive feature of this species is its halberd-shaped leaves, which have three pointed lobes resembling a spearhead or halberd. The leaves are smooth (hence the name "smooth rose mallow") and have a deep green color.
    • Tall and Slender: Hibiscus laevis typically grows 3 to 6 feet tall, with slender, upright stems that add a vertical element to the garden.
    • Summer Blooms: The flowers bloom from mid-summer to early fall, providing a long-lasting display of color.

    Natural Habitat:

    • This hibiscus species is native to wetlands and moist areas in eastern and central North America. It is often found in marshes, swamps, and along the edges of ponds and streams.

    Growing Conditions:

    • Sunlight: Hibiscus laevis thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
    • Soil: It prefers moist, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter.
    • Water: Consistent moisture is essential, especially during hot, dry periods.
    • Hardiness: It is hardy in USDA zones 5-9, tolerating a range of temperatures.

    Benefits and Uses:

    • Pollinator Habitat: The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds.
    • Wildlife Value: It provides food and shelter for birds and other wildlife.
    • Wetland Gardens: Hibiscus laevis is an excellent choice for wetland gardens, rain gardens, or areas with consistently moist soil.
    • Ornamental Plant: Its unique foliage and beautiful flowers make it a striking addition to borders, wildflower meadows, and naturalized areas.

    Care Tips:

    • Deadheading: Removing spent flowers can encourage more blooms and prolong the flowering period.
    • Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged stems.

    Hibiscus laevis is a graceful and adaptable native plant that adds a touch of wild beauty to any garden. Its unique foliage, elegant flowers, and ability to thrive in moist environments make it a valuable addition to the landscape.

    The SUMMERIFIC® collection of hardy hibiscus from Proven Winners is a celebration of everything we love about this dramatic perennial. Bred for extra-large blooms, vibrant colors, and long bloom seasons, these hibiscus are sure to turn heads in any garden.

    Here is what makes the SUMMERIFIC® series shine:

    • Massive Flowers: Get ready for a "wow" factor! These hibiscus boast huge, dinner-plate-sized flowers, often reaching 8-9 inches in diameter. Imagine the impact of these blooms in your garden!
    • Extended Bloom Time: SUMMERIFIC® hibiscus are known for their "indeterminate" blooming habit. This means they produce flowers along the stems and at the tips, resulting in a longer flowering period, typically from mid-summer to frost.
    • Vibrant Colors: The series offers a stunning range of colors, including deep reds, vibrant pinks, pure whites, and even unique blends like the soft creamy yellow of 'French Vanilla'. Many varieties also feature contrasting eyes or veining, adding to their visual appeal.
    • Strong and Sturdy: SUMMERIFIC® hibiscus are bred for strong stems that hold those massive blooms upright, even in wind or rain.
    • Compact Habit: Many varieties in the series maintain a compact and bushy growth habit, making them suitable for smaller gardens or containers.

    Standout SUMMERIFIC® Varieties:

    • 'Holy Grail': A top performer with huge, velvety red flowers and dark, almost black foliage.
    • 'Cranberry Crush': Features cranberry-red blooms with a darker eye and burgundy foliage.
    • 'Berry Awesome': Showcases bright pink flowers with a prominent red eye and dark green foliage.
    • 'Perfect Storm': Offers a unique blend of lavender-pink flowers with a darker eye and burgundy foliage.
    • 'French Vanilla': A breakthrough in hardy hibiscus breeding, with soft yellow blooms and a compact habit.

    Growing SUMMERIFIC® Hibiscus:

    • Sunlight: Provide at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day for optimal blooming.
    • Soil: Plant in moist, well-drained soil enriched with organic matter.
    • Water: Water regularly, especially during hot, dry periods.
    • Fertilizer: Fertilize in spring with a balanced fertilizer to encourage healthy growth.
    • Pruning: Prune in late winter or early spring to remove any dead or damaged stems.
    • Winter Protection: Mulch heavily in colder climates to protect the roots from freezing.

    With their dramatic flowers, extended bloom time, and vibrant colors, SUMMERIFIC® hardy hibiscus are a fantastic way to add a touch of tropical flair to any garden.