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    • Ophiopogon

    Ophiopogon (off-ee-oh-poh-gon), lily turf, mondo, grass; Ruscaceae Family. Narrow leaved, evergreen perennial from Asia. Ophiopogon forms sods or tufts, and are valuable as ground covers in sun or shade. The thick grass-like, basal leaves grow in dense masses. Small blue or white flowers bloom in drooping clusters that look like bunches of little grapes. Small blue berries follow the flowers. Ophiopogon grows best on moist shady banks but tolerate many situations in either sun or shade.

    Ophiopogon japonicas (jap-pon-ik-us); a smaller species with many dark green, linear leaves 8 to 10 inches long and gracefully arching. Small pale lilac flowers. Dwarf mondo grass (Ophiopogon japonicus) can be used in beds and borders, an is excellant choice for areas where mowing can be difficult. The best species for ground holding purposes.

    Very easy to grow evergreen perennial, member of the lily family. Ophiopogon grow best in average, medium moisture, well-drained soil in part shade to full shade. Intolerant of full sun in southern zones. Plant in small clusters or large; small-scale ground cover in rock gardens, between stepping stones or low border edging.

    PLANTING: Set plants 6 to 8 inches apart. Sunny locations can be considered in northern zones; at minimum, select partial shade locations in the southern zones. Though drought-resistant, the Lily Turf is happiest in a moist soil, summer mulch helps.

    MAINTENANCE: Water during periods of drought. Divide in spring if plants become overcrowded, or to increase stock for additional plantings.

    • Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 18ct Flat Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 18ct Flat

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (18)ct Flat

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (18)ct FlatDwarf Mondo Grass, baby mondo grass, monkey grass Height: 2-3 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' is a dwarf variety of mondo...

      $91.95
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 2.5 inch pot Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 2.5 inch pot

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (2.5 inch pot)

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (2.5-inch pot)Dwarf Mondo Grass, baby mondo grass, monkey grass Height: 2-3 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' is a dwarf variety of mondo...

      $2.93
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 3.25 inch pot Ophiopogon japonicus Nana 3.25 inch pot

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (3.25 inch pot)

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (3.25-inch) potDwarf Mondo Grass, baby mondo grass, monkey grass Height: 2-3 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' is a dwarf variety of mondo...

      $4.31
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus Nana bare root plant Ophiopogon japonicus Nana bare root plant

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (bare root plant)

      Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' bare root plantDwarf Mondo Grass, baby mondo grass, monkey grass Height: 2-3 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' is a dwarf variety of mondo...

      $2.05
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus 2.5 inch pot Ophiopogon japonicus 2.5 inch pot

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus (2.5 inch pot)

      Ophiopogon japonicus (2.5-inch pot)Mondo Grass, monkey grass Height: 6-8 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Spreads quickly Ophiopogon japonicus, commonly known as mondo grass, is a low-growing,...

      $2.93
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus 3.5 inch pot Ophiopogon japonicus 3.5 inch pot

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus (3.5 inch pot)

      Ophiopogon japonicus (3.5-inch pot)Mondo Grass, monkey grass Height: 6-8 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Spreads quickly Ophiopogon japonicus, commonly known as mondo grass, is a low-growing,...

      $4.22
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    • Ophiopogon japonicus bare root plant Ophiopogon japonicus bare root plant

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon japonicus (bare root plant)

      Ophiopogon japonicus Bare Root PlantsMondo Grass, monkey grass Height: 6-8 Inches Hardiness Zone: 6-10 Full Sun to Shade (Part Shade to Shade - Zones 7-10) Evergreen Spreads quickly Ophiopogon japonicus, commonly known as mondo grass, is a low-growing,...

      $2.05
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    • Ophiopogon p Arabicus 3.5 inch pot

      Ophiopogon

      Ophiopogon p. 'Arabicus' (3.5 inch pot)

      Ophiopogon p. 'Arabicus'aka 'Ebony Knight' and 'Nigrescens'Common Name: mondo grassType: Herbaceous perennialFamily: AsparagaceaeZone: 6 to 9Height: 0.75 to 1.00 feetSpread: 0.75 to 1.00 feetBloom Time: July to AugustBloom Description: PinkSun: Full sun...

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    Ophiopogon, commonly known as mondo grass, is a versatile and low-maintenance groundcover plant that belongs to the Asparagaceae family. While not a true grass, its grass-like appearance and clumping growth habit make it a popular choice for adding texture and greenery to gardens. This guide provides essential information for gardeners looking to cultivate Ophiopogon successfully.

    Hardiness and Appearance Ophiopogon is hardy in USDA zones 6-10 , making it suitable for various climates. It forms dense, evergreen clumps with thin, curved, ribbon-like leaves . In summer, it produces small, bell-shaped flowers in shades of white or pale lavender, often hidden by the foliage . These flowers develop into attractive cobalt blue berries .  

    Ideal Growing Conditions

    • Sunlight Ophiopogon thrives in partial to full shade . While it can tolerate full sun, especially with sufficient moisture, excessive sun exposure may cause the foliage to fade . Black mondo grass varieties develop their best color in sunny locations .  
    • Soil Mondo grass prefers moist, well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter . It can tolerate various soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils . Amending the soil with compost or loam can improve its fertility and drainage .  
    • Moisture Ophiopogon prefers consistently moist soil but can tolerate some drought once established . Water regularly, especially during dry periods, to maintain optimal moisture levels. Avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot and fungal diseases .  

    Varieties Ophiopogon offers a variety of cultivars with different foliage colors and sizes. Some popular options include:  

    • Ophiopogon jaburan 'Vittatus': This variety features green and white variegated leaves, adding a striking contrast to garden beds .  
    • Ophiopogon japonicus 'Kyoto': A dwarf variety with dark green foliage, ideal for use as a groundcover or between stepping stones .  
    • Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Nigrescens': Commonly known as black mondo grass, this variety has striking black foliage that adds a unique touch to the landscape .  

    Pests and Diseases Ophiopogon is generally pest and disease resistant . However, it can be susceptible to slugs, snails, and scale insects . Fungal diseases, such as anthracnose and root rot, can also occur, especially in overly moist conditions . Ensure proper air circulation and avoid overhead watering to minimize the risk of fungal problems.

    Maintenance Mondo grass is a low-maintenance plant that requires minimal care. Here are some basic maintenance tips:  

    • Watering: Water regularly, especially during dry periods, to maintain consistent soil moisture.
    • Fertilizing: Fertilize in spring with a balanced fertilizer or by mulching with compost.
    • Pruning: Remove any damaged or dead leaves to maintain a tidy appearance.
    • Dividing: Divide clumps every few years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.

    Garden Uses Ophiopogon's versatility makes it suitable for various garden applications:

    • Groundcover: Its dense growth habit effectively suppresses weeds and adds texture to garden beds.
    • Borders: It creates neat and tidy edges along walkways and flower beds.
    • Lawn alternative: In shady areas where grass struggles to grow, mondo grass can serve as a low-maintenance alternative.
    • Rock gardens: Its fine texture complements the ruggedness of rocks and adds greenery to rock gardens.
    • Containers: It can be grown in containers to add a touch of greenery to patios and balconies.

    Ophiopogon is an excellent choice for gardeners seeking a low-maintenance, versatile, and attractive groundcover. Its adaptability to various light and soil conditions, combined with its pest and disease resistance, makes it a valuable addition to any garden. By following the guidelines outlined in this article, gardeners can ensure the successful cultivation and enjoyment of this beautiful plant.

    Ophiopogon japonicus: The Versatile and Resilient Dwarf Lilyturf

    Dwarf lilyturf, or mondo grass, is a beloved ground cover known for its elegant, grass-like foliage and adaptability to shady conditions. This low-maintenance perennial forms a dense mat of rich green, creating a serene and textured backdrop in your garden.

    Key Features:

    • Appearance: Forms a dense mat of dark green, narrow leaves, reaching up to 1 foot tall and wide.
    • Adaptability: Thrives in shade and moist, well-drained soils. Tolerates sun, salt, deer, and foot traffic.
    • Low Maintenance: Requires minimal care once established. Mow annually when used as a turf alternative.
    • Versatile Use: Ideal for borders, foundations, walkways, patios, containers, and even indoors as a houseplant.
    • Resilience: Resistant to deer, salt, black walnut, rabbits, and most insect pests. Thrives in heavy shade.

    Botanical Details:

    • Genus: Ophiopogon
    • Species: japonicus
    • Family: Asparagaceae
    • Life Cycle: Perennial
    • Propagation: Division
    • Origin: China, Korea, Japan
    • Growth Rate: Medium
    • Dimensions: 6-12 inches tall and wide
    • Plant Type: Ground Cover, Herbaceous Perennial, Broadleaf Evergreen
    • Habit/Form: Clumping, Mounding
    • Flower Description: Inconspicuous pale lilac to white flowers bloom in summer.
    • Leaf Description: Simple, linear, grass-like leaves, dark green in color.
    • Hardiness Zones: 6a to 10b

    Growth Habits:

    • Thrives in rich, fertile, humusy, slightly acidic, moist but well-drained soils in part shade to full shade.
    • Prefers consistent moisture; avoid dry soils.
    • May require protection in Zone 6 winters.
    • Evergreen in warm climates, but foliage may decline in harsh winters.
    • Forms a ground cover, spreading slowly but indefinitely to 12 inches wide or more.
    • Propagate by division.

    Distinctive Features:

    • Arching clumps of narrow, linear, dark green leaves (8-15 inches long and 3/16 inch wide).
    • More refined foliage than Liriope.
    • Small, bell-shaped, white to lilac flowers in summer, followed by blue-black berries.
    • Flowers and fruits are often hidden by the foliage.

    Landscape Applications:

    • Shady areas: Provides lush green coverage where lawn struggles.
    • Borders and edging: Creates a neat and defined edge along walkways and flowerbeds.
    • Rock gardens: Adds texture and contrast among stones and other plants.
    • Containers: Spills gracefully over the edges of pots and planters.
    • Indoor use: Thrives as a houseplant in bright, indirect light.
    • Children's gardens: Soft and safe for little hands and feet.
    • Fairy gardens: Creates a miniature, enchanting landscape.
    • Woodland Setting: Perfect naturalizing under trees and shrubs.

    Embrace the beauty and resilience of Ophiopogon japonicus, a versatile ground cover that adds year-round greenery and texture to your landscape.

    Ophiopogon japonicus 'Mondo Grass' or Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana'

    Ophiopogon japonicus 'Mondo Grass' and Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' are both popular ornamental grasses, but they have some key differences:

    Ophiopogon japonicus 'Mondo Grass'

    • Size: Grows taller, typically 6-10 inches high.
    • Growth Rate: Spreads relatively quickly.
    • Uses: Often used as a groundcover, border plant, or even a low-maintenance lawn alternative in shady areas.

    Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana'

    • Size: Dwarf variety, reaching only 4-6 inches in height.
    • Growth Rate: Spreads slowly.
    • Uses: Ideal for edging, rock gardens, containers, and small spaces.

    Here is a table summarizing the differences:

    Feature

    'Mondo Grass'

    'Nana'

    Size

    6-10 inches

    4-6 inches

    Growth Rate

    Faster

    Slower

    Uses

    Groundcover, borders, lawn alternative

    Edging, rock gardens, containers

    Other points to consider:

    • Both are evergreen, meaning they retain their green foliage year-round.
    • Both tolerate shade and drought well, making them low-maintenance choices.
    • Both produce small, insignificant flowers followed by blue-black berries.

    Which one to choose?

    It depends on your needs and preferences. If you need a taller groundcover that spreads quickly, 'Mondo Grass' is a good choice. If you prefer a smaller, more compact plant for edging or containers, 'Nana' is the better option.

    Ophiopogon

    • Kingdom: Plantae
    • Clade: Tracheophytes (Vascular plants)
    • Clade: Angiosperms (Flowering plants)
    • Clade: Monocots
    • Order: Asparagales
    • Family: Asparagaceae (Asparagus family)
    • Subfamily: Nolinoideae
    • Genus: Ophiopogon

    Common Names:

    • Mondo grass (though not a true grass)
    • Lilyturf
    • Snake's beard

    Key Features:

    • Growth Habit: Evergreen perennials forming clumps or spreading mats.
    • Leaves: Grass-like, linear leaves arising from a central base.
    • Flowers: Small, bell-shaped, or tubular flowers, often white or pale lilac, borne on short stalks (racemes).
    • Fruit: fleshy berries, often blue or black.

    Habitat:

    • Woodlands
    • Grasslands
    • Shady slopes
    • Widely cultivated as ornamental groundcover

    Distribution:

    • Native to warm temperate to tropical regions of East, Southeast, and South Asia.

    Species:

    The genus Ophiopogon includes around 65 species. Some of the most well-known include:

    • Ophiopogon japonicus (Mondo grass): Commonly cultivated species with dark green leaves and black berries.
    • Ophiopogon planiscapus (Black mondo grass): Known for its near-black foliage.
    • Ophiopogon jaburan (Giant mondo grass): Larger species with broader leaves.

    Notes:

    • The name Ophiopogon is derived from Greek words meaning "snake" and "beard," likely referring to the shape and appearance of the leaves.
    • Although often called "mondo grass," Ophiopogon is not closely related to true grasses (Poaceae).
    • Ophiopogon was formerly classified in the lily family (Liliaceae) but is now placed in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae) based on molecular evidence.
    • Many Ophiopogon species and cultivars are popular garden plants, valued for their attractive foliage, groundcover ability, and tolerance of shade.

    While Ophiopogon is often called "mondo grass," it is not a true grass. Its morphology reveals its relationship to the lily family, with distinct features that make it a popular groundcover.

    Growth Habit:

    • Clump-forming or Spreading: Most Ophiopogon species grow in dense clumps, with leaves arising from a central base. Some species spread via rhizomes (underground stems) to form mats.
    • Evergreen: The foliage remains green throughout the year, providing consistent groundcover.
    • Variable Size: Depending on the species and cultivar, height can range from a few inches to over a foot (10-30 cm).

    Leaves:

    • Linear: Leaves are long, narrow, and grass-like, with parallel veins.
    • Basal: Leaves emerge from the base of the plant, forming a tuft or clump.
    • Leathery Texture: The leaves often have a slightly leathery texture, which contributes to their durability.
    • Color: Typically dark green, but some cultivars have variegated or near-black foliage.

    Flowers:

    • Inflorescence: Flowers are borne on short stalks (racemes) that emerge from the base of the leaves.
    • Small and Bell-shaped: Individual flowers are small, typically white, or pale lilac, with a bell-shaped or tubular form.
    • Flowering Season: Usually blooms in summer, but the flowers are often partially hidden by the foliage.

    Fruits:

    • Berries: After flowering, Ophiopogon produces fleshy berries.
    • Color: Berry color varies by species, often blue or black.

    Roots:

    • Fibrous roots: A network of fine roots that arise from the base of the plant.
    • Rhizomes (in some species): Some species spread via rhizomes, contributing to their groundcover ability.

    Variations:

    • Leaf Size and Color: Significant variation exists in leaf size, width, and color between species and cultivars.
    • Flower Color: While most have white or pale lilac flowers, some variations occur.
    • Growth Habit: Clumping versus spreading habit varies between species.

    Adaptations:

    • Shade Tolerance: Many Ophiopogon species are well-suited to shady conditions.
    • Drought Tolerance: Once established, they are relatively drought-tolerant.
    • Evergreen Foliage: Provides year-round interest and groundcover.

    Distinguishing Features:

    • The combination of grass-like leaves, small bell-shaped flowers, and fleshy berries distinguishes Ophiopogon from true grasses and other groundcover plants.

    Understanding the morphology of Ophiopogon is essential for identifying different species and cultivars and appreciating their unique features. It also helps explain their popularity as groundcover plants, as their attractive foliage, shade tolerance, and low maintenance make them valuable additions to various landscapes.

    Cultivating Ophiopogon (Mondo Grass)

    Ophiopogon is a fantastic, low-maintenance groundcover prized for its grass-like foliage and adaptability to shade. Here is a guide to its cultivation:  

    1. Site Selection:

    • Light: Ophiopogon is renowned for its shade tolerance, thriving in partial to full shade. It can tolerate some sun, especially in cooler climates, but may become scorched in hot, direct sunlight.
    • Soil: Prefers well-drained soil rich in organic matter. It is adaptable to various soil types, including loam, sand, and clay, as long as drainage is good.
    • Moisture: Consistent moisture is important, especially during the establishment period. Once established, it is moderately drought-tolerant.

    2. Planting:

    • Timing: Spring or fall is the best time to plant.
    • Spacing: Spacing depends on the desired density and the growth habit of the species or cultivar. Generally, space plants 6-12 inches apart.
    • Depth: Plant at the same depth they were growing in their containers.
    • Watering: Water thoroughly after planting and keep the soil consistently moist until established.

    3. Care:

    • Watering: Water regularly during dry periods, especially in the first year.
    • Fertilizing: It is not a heavy feeder. A light application of a balanced fertilizer in spring is usually sufficient.
    • Mulching: Applying a layer of organic mulch helps retain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and moderate soil temperature.
    • Dividing: Divide established clumps every few years in spring or fall to maintain vigor and control spread.

    4. Winter Care:

    • Hardiness: Hardiness varies depending on the species and cultivar. Most are hardy in USDA zones 6-10.
    • Winter Protection: In colder zones, consider providing winter protection by mulching around the base of the plants.

    5. Propagation:

    • Division: The most common method is dividing established clumps.
    • Seed: It can also be grown from seed, but it may take longer to establish.

    6. Pests and Diseases:

    • Ophiopogon is generally pest and disease-resistant.

    Uses in the Landscape:

    • Groundcover: Ideal for covering shady areas, suppressing weeds, and adding texture and interest.
    • Borders and Edging: Creates neat borders along walkways or garden beds.
    • Rock Gardens: Its low-growing habit makes it suitable for rock gardens.
    • Container Gardens: Can be grown in containers on patios or balconies.
    • Underplanting: Use as a groundcover under trees or shrubs.

    Cultivars:

    • Many Ophiopogon cultivars are available, offering a wide range of foliage colors and sizes. Some popular choices include:
      • Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana' (Dwarf mondo grass)  
      • Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Nigrescens' (Black mondo grass)  
      • Ophiopogon jaburan 'Variegatus' (Variegated giant mondo grass)

    By following these guidelines, you can cultivate healthy and beautiful Ophiopogon plants that will add texture and interest to your garden for years to come.

    This calendar provides a seasonal guide to keep your mondo grass looking its best throughout the year.

    Spring:

    • March - April:
      • Clean-up: Remove any debris or winter mulch.
      • Divide: If needed, divide established clumps to control spread or create new plantings. Spring is an excellent time for dividing, as new growth is just beginning.
      • Fertilize: Apply a light application of a balanced, slow-release fertilizer.
    • May - June:
      • Water: Provide consistent moisture, especially during dry periods.
      • Mulch: Apply a fresh layer of organic mulch (e.g., shredded bark) to help retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.

    Summer:

    • July - August:
      • Water: Continue to water regularly, particularly during hot, dry spells. Ophiopogon prefers consistently moist soil, but avoid overwatering.
      • Monitor: Although generally pest-free, keep an eye out for any signs of stress or disease.

    Fall:

    • September - October:
      • Reduce Watering: Gradually reduce watering as temperatures cool down.
      • Clean-up: Remove any dead or yellowing leaves to maintain a tidy appearance.

    Winter:

    • November - February:
      • Minimal Care: Ophiopogon is mostly dormant in winter, especially in colder climates.
      • Protect: In colder zones (6-7), consider providing winter protection with a layer of mulch, especially if prolonged periods of freezing temperatures are expected.

    Important Notes:

    • Adjust timing: This calendar is a general guideline. Adjust the timing based on your specific climate and the conditions in your garden.
    • Observe your plants: Pay attention to your Ophiopogon throughout the year. Its appearance will indicate its needs.
    • Enjoy: Appreciate the lush, evergreen foliage of your Ophiopogon and its ability to add texture and interest to shady areas of your garden.

    By following this calendar and providing consistent care, you can ensure your Ophiopogon thrives and contributes to the beauty of your landscape for years to come.

    The diversity within Ophiopogon! It is a genus with more variety than many people realize. Here is how it breaks down:

    1. Species:

    • Around 65 species: These are the naturally occurring types, mostly from East and Southeast Asia.
      • Key species:
        • Ophiopogon japonicus: The most common, often called mondo grass, with dark green leaves and black berries.
        • Ophiopogon planiscapus: Notable for its near-black foliage.
        • Ophiopogon jaburan: Larger, with broader leaves and sometimes variegated forms.
        • Ophiopogon umbraticola: More upright growth habit than many others.

    2. Groups (broader sense):

    • Asparagaceae: The asparagus family! This might seem odd, but it's where Ophiopogon sits based on genetic studies.
    • Nolinoideae: A subfamily within Asparagaceae, containing many lily-like plants.
    • Groundcovers: This is a horticultural grouping based on their use in gardens, where they excel at filling in spaces.

    3. Varieties (botanical):

    • Less emphasis on varieties: While some species have naturally occurring varieties, the focus in Ophiopogon is more on cultivated selections (cultivars).

    4. Cultivars: This is where the interesting differences are!

    • Bred for various traits:
      • Foliage color: The main variation! From almost black to variegated (white or yellow stripes), and shades of green.
      • Size: Dwarf cultivars for tight spaces, larger ones for bolder impact.
      • Texture: Some have finer leaves, others are more coarse.
      • Flower/fruit: While not the main focus, there is some variation in flower color and berry color.

    Examples of popular cultivars:

    • 'Nana' (Dwarf Mondo Grass): O. japonicus cultivar, very compact, great for edging.
    • 'Nigrescens' (Black Mondo Grass): O. planiscapus cultivar, striking dark foliage.
    • 'Kyoto Dwarf': Another dwarf form of O. japonicus.
    • 'Silver Dragon': O. jaburan cultivar with white-edged leaves.
    • 'Variegatus' (several species): Various cultivars with striped foliage.

    Important Notes:

    • Cultivar Availability: Not all cultivars are readily available, so searching online or at specialty nurseries is helpful.
    • Naming Confusion: Sometimes the same cultivar has different names in the trade.
    • 'Mondo Grass' Misnomer: Remember, it is not a true grass, but the name is widely used.

    Ophiopogon is an excellent choice for mass planting! Its versatility, low maintenance, and tolerance of shade make it a popular choice for groundcover and filling in large areas. Here is why it works so well and how to use it effectively:  

    Reasons for Mass Planting Ophiopogon:

    • Lush Groundcover: Creates a dense, weed-suppressing carpet that adds texture and visual interest to bare ground.
    • Shade Tolerance: Thrives in shady areas where many other plants struggle, making it perfect for underplanting trees or shrubs.
    • Evergreen Foliage: Provides year-round color and interest, even in winter.
    • Low Maintenance: Once established, requires minimal care, making it ideal for large-scale plantings.
    • Versatility: Adaptable to various soil types and moisture levels, as long as drainage is good.

    Tips for Successful Mass Planting:

    1. Cultivar Selection:
      • Consider mature size: Choose cultivars that fit the scale of your planting area. Dwarf varieties like 'Nana' are suitable for smaller spaces, while larger ones like 'Jaburan' make a bolder statement.
      • Foliage Color: Select cultivars with foliage colors that complement your overall garden design. 'Nigrescens' (black mondo grass) provides a striking contrast, while variegated cultivars add brightness.
    2. Site Preparation:
      • Sunlight: Assess the amount of shade the area receives. While Ophiopogon tolerates shade, some cultivars may perform better with a bit of morning sun.
      • Soil and Drainage: Ensure good drainage. Amend heavy clay soil with organic matter to improve drainage.
    3. Planting:
      • Spacing: Space plants according to their mature size and the desired density. Generally, 6-12 inches apart is a good starting point.
      • Water: Water thoroughly after planting and keep the soil consistently moist until established.
    4. Maintenance:
      • Watering: Water regularly during dry periods, especially in the first year.
      • Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch to retain soil moisture and suppress weeds.
      • Dividing: Divide established clumps every few years to maintain vigor and prevent overcrowding.

    Design Ideas for Mass Planting:

    • Underplanting Trees and Shrubs: Fill in bare areas beneath trees or shrubs with a lush carpet of Ophiopogon.
    • Slopes and Banks: Stabilize slopes and prevent erosion with a mass planting.  
    • Borders and Edging: Create neat and tidy borders along walkways or garden beds.
    • Woodland Gardens: Enhance the natural beauty of a woodland garden with Ophiopogon.
    • Modern Landscapes: The clean lines and textures of Ophiopogon complement modern garden designs.

    With careful planning and the right Ophiopogon cultivars, you can create a stunning and low-maintenance mass planting that will provide beauty and texture to your garden for years to come.

    Ophiopogon japonicus FAQ

    oh-fee-oh-POH-gon jah-PON-ih-kus

    Common Names: Dwarf Lilyturf 'Nana, 'Dwarf Mondo Grass 'Nana, 'Japanese Lilyturf 'Nana', Mondo Grass 'Nana', Monkey Grass 'Nana'

    Phonetic Spelling  oh-fee-oh-POH-gon jah-PON-ih-kus NAH-nah

    Dwarf Mondo Grass 'Nana': A Miniature Marvel for Lush Green Carpets

    Dwarf Mondo Grass 'Nana' is a compact, evergreen ground cover renowned for its dense tufts of fine-textured, dark green leaves. This slow-growing cultivar adds a touch of elegance and serenity to shady landscapes, serving as a charming alternative to traditional lawns.

    Key Features:

    • Botanical Name: Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana'
    • Appearance: Forms a thick, low-growing mat of arching, grass-like leaves, reaching 3-6 inches tall and spreading 8-12 inches wide.
    • Blooms: Insignificant white flowers in summer, followed by pearl-like blue-black berries, typically hidden by foliage.
    • Adaptability: Thrives in moist, well-drained soils in shade to partial shade. Tolerates drought, salt, and low foot traffic.
    • Low Maintenance: Requires minimal care once established.
    • Versatile Use: Ideal for ground cover, borders, edging, patios, containers, and Asian-inspired gardens.
    • Resilient: Resistant to deer, rabbits, black walnut, and heavy shade.

    Landscaping Potential:

    • Shady areas: Replaces lawn in areas with limited sunlight.
    • Walkways and patios: Creates a soft, textured border.
    • Rock gardens: Adds a touch of greenery and contrast among stones.
    • Containers: Spills gracefully over the edges of pots and planters.
    • Children's gardens: Provides a safe and inviting surface for play.
    • Asian gardens: Enhances the tranquil and minimalist aesthetic.

    Care Tips:

    • Soil: Prefers moist, well-drained soils with acidic to neutral pH.
    • Sunlight: Thrives in shade to partial shade. Requires additional moisture in full sun.
    • Watering: Water regularly during dry periods, especially in sunny locations.
    • Maintenance: Minimal pruning or mowing needed.

    Embrace the timeless beauty of Dwarf Mondo Grass 'Nana', a low-maintenance ground cover that brings a touch of zen to any garden.

    Common Names: Black Lily-Turf, Black Mondo Grass

    Previously known as: 0phiopogon planiscapus 'Arabicus', Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Black Dragon', Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Ebony Knight', Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Nigra'

    Black Mondo Grass: A Dramatic Touch for Your Landscape

    Black Mondo Grass, a striking cultivar of Ophiopogon planiscapus, captivates with its deep, almost jet-black, grass-like foliage. This slow-growing, evergreen perennial forms a dense, low-lying mat that adds a touch of drama and sophistication to any garden.

    Key Features:

    • Dramatic Foliage: Narrow, linear leaves boast a deep blackish-purple hue, adding a touch of mystery and intrigue to shaded areas.
    • Delicate Blooms: Small, bell-shaped white flowers with pink and purple tinges appear in summer, followed by glossy dark purple berries.
    • Compact Habit: Grows 6-12 inches tall and wide, forming a dense, clumping ground cover.
    • Adaptable: Thrives in part shade to full shade and a variety of soil types. Tolerates drought and salt.
    • Low Maintenance: Requires minimal care once established.
    • Deer and Rabbit Resistant: Provides peace of mind in wildlife-prone areas.

    Landscape Applications:

    • Accent Plant: Adds a unique focal point with its dark foliage.
    • Borders and Edging: Creates a striking definition along walkways and flowerbeds.
    • Containers: Spills dramatically over the edges of pots and planters.
    • Rock Gardens: Provides textural contrast between stones and other plants.
    • Cottage Gardens: Adds a touch of whimsy and intrigue.
    • Drought-Tolerant Gardens: Thrives in dry conditions with minimal watering.
    • Water Features: Soften the edges of streams and ponds.

    Care Tips:

    • Soil: Prefers rich, slightly acidic, moist, well-drained soil.
    • Sunlight: Ideal for part shade to full shade. Provide afternoon shade in hot climates.
    • Watering: Water regularly until established, then only during extended dry periods.
    • Planting: Plant in spring for optimal establishment before winter.
    • Spacing: Space plants 4-10 inches apart for a dense ground cover.
    • Hardiness: Thrives in USDA Zones 6-9. May need protection in colder regions.

    Embrace the unique beauty of Black Mondo Grass and elevate your landscape with its captivating dark foliage and low-maintenance appeal.

     Ophiopogon, commonly called mondo grass, is a genus of evergreen perennial plants in the lily family (Asparagaceae). It is native to eastern and southern Asia, ranging from the Himalayas to Japan and Taiwan.

    Here are some of the characteristics of Ophiopogon:

    • Habit: It typically forms an arching clump with narrow, linear, grass-like, dark green leaves. The leaves can grow up to 8-15 inches long and 3/16 inches wide.
    • Roots: They have tuberous roots and spread slowly by underground stolons.
    • Flowers: Small, 6-tepaled, bell-shaped, white to lilac-tinted flowers (1/4” wide) bloom in summer in short racemes (2-3” long) atop leafless stalks. The flowers are inconspicuous and often hidden by the foliage.
    • Fruits: The flowers are followed by spherical, pea-sized, blue-black berries (1/4” across). Like the flowers, the fruits are usually obscured by the leaves.
    • Height: Ophiopogon typically grows to 8-12 inches tall.
    • Spread: It can spread to 12-18 inches wide.
    • Light: Adaptable to a wide range of light conditions but prefers partial shade.
    • Soil: Prefers moist, well-drained soils but tolerates a variety of soil types.
    • Uses: Ophiopogon is a popular ornamental plant used as a groundcover, border planting, or container plant. It is also a low-maintenance and deer-resistant plant.

    Here is a breakdown on planting Ophiopogon, commonly called mondo grass:

    Timing:

    • Early spring is ideal, allowing the plant to establish before summer heat.
    • Fall planting works too in warmer climates (zones 8-10).

    Location and Spacing:

    • Partial shade is preferred, but full sun in cool areas with ample watering is okay.
    • For groundcover, space plants 6-8 inches apart.
    • For a border or fuller look initially, space them 4-6 inches apart.

    Planting Steps:

    • Dig: Make a hole bigger than the root ball.
    • Amend: Mix compost or organic matter into the dug soil for drainage and nutrients. Add sand if your soil is heavy clay.
    • Position: Gently remove the ophiopogon from its pot, loosen roots if bound. Place it in the hole with the crown (roots-stems meeting point) level with the soil surface.
    • Backfill: Fill the hole with soil, tamping gently to eliminate air pockets.
    • Water: Water thoroughly to settle the soil around the roots.

    Aftercare:

    • Water regularly, especially during the first few weeks or dry periods, until established.
    • Established plants are drought-tolerant but appreciate occasional watering during hot weather.
    • Light fertilization in spring with a balanced fertilizer is beneficial, but not essential.
    • Ophiopogon requires minimal maintenance; no deadheading or pruning is needed.

    There are many varieties of Ophiopogon, but some of the most popular ones include:

    • Black Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Nigrescens') - This variety is prized for its dark purple-black, almost black, foliage. It forms a slowly spreading clump and reaches a mature height of 6-8 inches.
    • Dwarf Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon japonicus 'Nana') - A popular choice for edging or small spaces. It forms a compact clump of dark green leaves that grow only about 4-6 inches tall. Does well in full sun to part shade.
    • Variegated Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon japonicus 'Variegatus') - Features green leaves edged in creamy white. It forms a low clump, reaching 6-8 inches tall. Prefers partial shade to shade.
    • Korean Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon koreanus) - This variety has broader leaves than most other ophiopogon varieties and forms a dense, lush clump. It reaches 12-18 inches tall and prefers partial shade to shade.
    • Little Diamond Mondo Grass (Ophiopogon japonicus 'Little Diamond') - A dwarf selection with tiny, bright green leaves that form a tight clump, only growing 3-4 inches tall. Prefers partial shade to shade.

    These are just a few of the many varieties of ophiopogon available. With so many choices to choose from, you are sure to find one that is perfect for your garden!

    Caring for ophiopogon, commonly called mondo grass, in your garden is relatively easy! Here is a guide to keep them thriving:

    Watering:

    • Water regularly, especially during the first few weeks after planting or during dry periods, until established.
    • Once established, they are drought tolerant but will appreciate occasional watering during hot, dry spells. The frequency will depend on your climate and soil conditions. Aim to keep the soil moist but not soggy.

    Lighting:

    • They prefer partial shade but can tolerate a range of light conditions, including full sun in cooler climates with ample watering.
    • Avoid excessively hot afternoon sun, especially in hot climates.

    Soil:

    • Ophiopogon prefers moist, well-drained soil.
    • They can tolerate a variety of soil types, but if your soil is heavy clay, amending it with sand to improve drainage is recommended.
    • They are not heavy feeders, but a light application of balanced fertilizer in spring can be beneficial.

    Other Care Tips:

    • Ophiopogon is generally pest and disease resistant.
    • Deadheading or pruning is not typically required. However, you can remove any dead or damaged leaves for aesthetic purposes.
    • Ophiopogon can be divided in spring or fall to propagate new plants.

    Here are some additional tips:

    • In very cold climates (zones five or below), you can mulch around the base of the plants with a layer of organic mulch, such as shredded leaves or bark, in late fall to protect the roots from winter freezing.
    • Apply a fresh layer of mulch in spring around the plants to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.

    By following these simple care tips, you can enjoy your ophiopogon for many years to come!

    The good news is that Ophiopogon, also known as mondo grass, is generally considered a pest and disease-resistant plant. This makes them a low-maintenance choice for your garden.

    However, there are a couple of minor issues to watch out for:

    • Slugs and snails: These slimy mollusks can munch on the foliage of ophiopogon, especially in moist conditions. If you see them in large numbers, you can use organic control methods like handpicking them off the plants at night or setting beer traps.
    • Crown and root rot: This fungal disease can occur if the soil is consistently soggy or poorly drained. It can cause the leaves to turn yellow and wilt, and the plant may eventually die. To prevent this, ensure your ophiopogon is planted in well-drained soil and avoid overwatering.

    Overall, ophiopogon is a resilient plant that requires minimal intervention when it comes to pests and diseases.

    Ophiopogon has some pros and cons for using in floral arrangements:

    Pros:

    • Unique foliage: The grass-like leaves, especially black or variegated varieties, can add textural interest and a modern look to arrangements.
    • Long-lasting: Ophiopogon foliage can last for a relatively long time in a vase, especially if the stems are cut fresh and placed in clean water with flower preservative.
    • Filler: The smaller, clumping varieties can be useful as filler material in arrangements.

    Cons:

    • Not very floral: Ophiopogon does not have showy flowers, so it would not be a focal point of the arrangement.
    • Less flexible: The leaves can be stiff and less bendable than some other floral materials.
    • Water Needs: Ophiopogon foliage can wilt or turn brown if it does not have a water source, so it requires a little extra care in arrangements.

    Overall, ophiopogon can be a suitable addition to floral arrangements, especially for modern or textural designs. However, it is best used as an accent and may require more care than some other flowers or greenery.

    Here are some additional things to consider:

    • Variety: Black mondo grass (Ophiopogon planiscapus 'Nigrescens') with its dark foliage is a popular choice for arrangements. Variegated varieties can also add a touch of color.
    • Condition: Use fresh, healthy foliage that has not begun to wilt or brown.
    • Preparation: Cut the stems at a diagonal to increase water absorption and remove any leaves that will be below the water line in the vase.
    • Hydration: Consider using a floral cage or floral foam soaked in water to help keep the stems hydrated.

    The invasiveness of Ophiopogon, also known as mondo grass, depends on the variety and your location. Here is a breakdown:

    • Invasive potential: Certain ophiopogon varieties, particularly Ophiopogon japonicus, can be invasive in warmer climates with humid conditions, especially in the southern United States.
      • They can spread rapidly through underground runners (stolons) and become difficult to control, potentially outcompeting native plants.
    • Non-invasive potential: In cooler climates with drier conditions (like the Pacific Northwest), Ophiopogon varieties like Ophiopogon japonicus are generally not considered invasive.
      • They spread much slower and are less likely to become a nuisance.

    Before planting Ophiopogon, it is important to consider:

    • Your specific climate: Research how ophiopogon behaves in your region.
    • The variety you choose: Opt for less aggressive varieties if invasiveness is a concern.
    • Local regulations: Some regions may have restrictions on planting ophiopogon due to its invasive potential. Check with your local authorities or gardening experts.

    Here are some resources to help you determine the invasiveness of ophiopogon in your area:

    By being informed about the potential risks and choosing appropriate varieties, you can enjoy Ophiopogon in your garden responsibly.

    The best time to propagate Ophiopogon depends on the method you choose:

    • Division: This is the most common and easiest way to propagate Ophiopogon. The ideal time for division is in the early spring before new growth begins. The cool spring temperatures and moist soil allow the newly separated plants to establish themselves before the hot summer months.
    • Seed: Propagating Ophiopogon from seed is less common and requires more patience as seeds can be slow to germinate and may not grow true to the parent plant. If you choose this method, sow the seeds in the fall for germination in the following spring. However, some gardeners recommend cold stratification for better results, which involves storing the seeds in a cold, moist environment (like your refrigerator) for a period of time before sowing.

    Here is a quick summary:

    Propagation Method

    Best Time

    Division

    Early Spring

    Seed

    Fall (or cold stratification followed by spring sowing)

    Ophiopogon, also known as mondo grass, offers a variety of benefits for your garden beyond its attractive appearance. Here is a breakdown of some key advantages:

    Low Maintenance:

    • Drought tolerance: Once established, ophiopogon tolerates dry periods well, making them suitable for low-water gardens.
    • Pest and disease resistant: They generally require minimal intervention regarding pests and diseases.
    • Slow-growing: Their slow-growing nature means less frequent trimming or dividing is needed.

    Aesthetic Versatility:

    • Textural interest: The grass-like foliage adds a unique texture to gardens, contrasting well with flowering plants.
    • Variety of colors: With green, black, and variegated options, you can choose ophiopogon to complement your desired garden theme.
    • Year-round appeal: Ophiopogon retains its evergreen foliage throughout the year, providing visual interest even in colder months.

    Functional Advantages:

    • Erosion control: The dense, spreading growth habit of ophiopogon helps prevent soil erosion on slopes and hills.
    • Weed suppression: The foliage helps suppress weeds by creating a dense groundcover, reducing the need for herbicides.
    • Suitable for various planting locations: They can thrive in partial shade to full sun (depending on variety and climate) and adapt to various soil types.

    Additional Benefits:

    • Deer resistant: Deer tend to avoid ophiopogon, making it a good choice for gardens prone to deer browsing.
    • Can be used in containers: Dwarf varieties can be grown in pots or planters for patios and balconies.
    • Potential medicinal uses: In some cultures, certain ophiopogon varieties are used in traditional medicine, although it is important to consult a medical professional before using them for any health purposes.

    By incorporating ophiopogon into your garden, you can enjoy its low-maintenance beauty while reaping its functional benefits for soil health and weed control.