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Convallaria

Convallaria majalis (bare root plant)

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Convallaria

Convallaria majalis 'Bordeaux' (50) BR Plants

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Convallaria

Convallaria majalis (bare root plant)

Convallaria majalis Bare Root PlantsCommon Name: Lily of the Valley A charming, old-fashioned favorite. Arching racemes of pendulous, bell-shaped, pure white flowers appear in spring and last for...

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Convallaria

Convallaria majalis 'Bordeaux' (50) BR Plants

Convallaria majalis 'Bordeaux' (50) Bare Root PlantsCommon Name: Lily of the Valley An improved version of an old-fashioned favorite. 'Bordeaux' produces pure white, larger bell-shaped flowers on...

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What Is Convallaria majalis?

Convallaria majalis, commonly known as lily of the valley, is a flowering plant with sweetly scented, bell-shaped white flowers. It is native to the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere in Asia and Europe but has been naturalized in many other parts of the world.

Lily of the valley is a popular garden plant, and its flowers are often used in wedding bouquets and other floral arrangements. However, it is important to note that all parts of the plant are poisonous if ingested, so it should be kept out of reach of children and pets.

Here are some of the characteristics of Convallaria majalis:

Habit: Herbaceous perennial

Height: 8-12 inches

Spread: 12-18 inches

Bloom time: Spring

Flower color: White

Light: Shade or partial shade

Soil: Moist, well-drained soil

USDA zones: 3-8

How Do I Plant Convallaria majalis?

Planting Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley, is quite straightforward, but there are some key things to remember:

Timing:

The best time to plant is in fall, ideally from October to November, when the soil is cool and moist. Planting in early spring (March-April) is also possible, but fall planting usually leads to better establishment and earlier blooms the following year.

Choosing the right spot:

Lily of the valley prefers cool, shady areas with moist, well-drained soil. Avoid planting in full sun, especially in hot climates, as this can scorch the leaves and affect flowering.

If planting in containers, choose a large pot with drainage holes and use a good quality potting mix that retains moisture.

Planting process:

Prepare the soil: Loosen the soil to a depth of about 6-8 inches and amend it with compost or other organic matter if needed.

Soak the roots: If planting bare-root crowns, soak them in tepid water for 30 minutes before planting.

Dig holes: Dig planting holes about 2-3 inches deep and six inches apart.

Position the crowns: Place the crowns in the holes with the buds pointing upwards and spread the roots out gently.

Cover and water: Cover the crowns with soil and water them thoroughly.

Mulch: Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to help retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Aftercare:

Water regularly, especially during dry periods, but avoid overwatering.

Fertilize lightly in early spring with a balanced fertilizer.

Deadhead spent flowers to encourage further blooms.

Be aware that lily of the valley can spread quite readily, so you may need to divide the clumps every few years if they become too large.

Important note:

All parts of Convallaria majalis are highly poisonous if ingested, so it is crucial to keep it out of reach of children and pets. Wear gloves when handling the plant and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.

By following these tips, you can successfully plant and enjoy the delicate beauty and sweet fragrance of lily of the valley in your garden.

What Are The Different Varieties Of Convallaria majalis?

While Convallaria majalis has only one species, it boasts a surprising variety within itself! Here are some notable variations you might encounter:

Flower Color:

Convallaria majalis: The classic lily of the valley with its charming, fragrant white bell-shaped flowers.

Convallaria majalis 'Rosea': A delightful cultivar with pale pink, sometimes described as mauve, bell-shaped flowers that hold the same enchanting fragrance.

Foliage:

Convallaria majalis: Features elliptic, deep green leaves that form a lush carpet below the flower stalks.

Convallaria majalis 'Albostriata': Showcases striking white stripes running along the length of its green leaves, adding a variegated touch.

Convallaria majalis 'Variegata': Similar to 'Albostriata' but with irregular splashes and streaks of yellow mixed in with the white variegation.

Convallaria majalis 'Vic Pawlowski's Gold': Stands out with bright yellow-gold margins on its green leaves.

Size and Habit:

Convallaria majalis: Typically grows to 8-12 inches in height and spreads around 12-18 inches.

Convallaria majalis 'Berlin Giant': Lives up to its name, reaching an impressive 18-24 inches in height and boasting larger flowers on taller stems.

Other Interesting Cultivars:

Convallaria majalis 'Flore Pleno': A unique variety with double flowers, creating a fuller, showier bloom.

Convallaria majalis 'Green Tapestry': Offers intricate green and cream variegation on its leaves, adding a textural element to the garden.

Remember that these are just a few examples, and many other cultivars and variations exist. When choosing a Convallaria majalis for your garden, consider the desired flower color, foliage pattern, size, and any specific characteristics that appeal to you.

How Do I Care For Convallaria majalis In My Garden?

Caring for Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley, in your garden is fairly simple once it is established. Here is a breakdown of the key points:

Watering:

Water regularly: Aim to keep the soil consistently moist, especially during dry periods. Avoid overwatering, as soggy soil can lead to root rot.

Frequency: During spring and summer, water deeply about once a week, more often in hot weather. Reduce watering in fall and winter, but do not let the soil dry out completely.

Light and Temperature:

Light: Lily of the valley prefers partial shade to full shade. In hot climates, full shade is essential. Avoid planting in full sun, especially in areas with harsh afternoon sun.

Temperature: The plant thrives in cool climates with average temperatures between 60-70°F (15-21°C). It can tolerate colder temperatures but may struggle in very hot and dry climates.

Soil and Fertilizing:

Soil: Lily of the valley prefers moist, well-drained, humus-rich soil. If your soil is heavy clay, amend it with compost or sand to improve drainage.

Fertilizing: Generally, fertilizing is not necessary unless your soil is poor. If needed, apply a light dose of balanced fertilizer in early spring. Avoid overfertilizing, as this can promote excessive foliage growth and reduce flowering.

Mulching:

Apply a layer of mulch around the plants in spring to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Organic mulch like shredded bark or compost works well.

Deadheading and Pruning:

Deadhead spent flowers after they fade to encourage further blooms. However, leave the foliage intact as it helps the plant store energy for the next season.

Pruning is not typically required except for removing any dead or diseased leaves in spring.

Dividing:

Lily of the valley can spread quite readily. If the clumps become too large or invasive, you can divide them in fall every 3-4 years. Dig up the clump carefully, separate the crowns, and replant them in suitable locations.

Important Reminders:

All parts of Convallaria majalis are highly poisonous if ingested. Keep it out of reach of children and pets. Wear gloves when handling the plant and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards.

Be mindful of its spreading nature and control its growth if necessary to prevent it from taking over other plants in your garden.

By following these simple care tips, you can enjoy the delicate beauty and sweet fragrance of lily of the valley in your garden for many years to come.

Do Convallaria majalis Plants Attract Pollinators?

Convallaria majalis plants, commonly known as lily of the valley, do attract pollinators! They possess several features that make them appealing to different insects and animals:

Sweet Fragrance: Their signature bell-shaped white flowers emit a strong, sweet scent that is particularly noticeable in the morning hours. This fragrance attracts bees, butterflies, and some moths who utilize their keen sense of smell to locate nectar sources.

Nectar: The flowers of Convallaria majalis produce nectar, a sugary liquid that serves as a valuable food source for pollinators. The nectar is located at the base of the flower, accessible to insects with mouthparts adapted for reaching it.

Bloom Time: They typically bloom in late spring (May-June), coinciding with the active period of many pollinators. This timing ensures that the flowers are available when these insects are searching for food and mates.

Flower Color and Shape: The white color of the flowers stands out visually against the surrounding foliage, making them easier for pollinators to spot. Additionally, the bell-shaped form of the flowers provides a sheltered landing platform for insects while they access the nectar.

Accessibility: The flowers hang downwards from a leafless stem, making the nectar readily accessible to pollinators of various sizes and body shapes.

While bees are likely the primary pollinators of Convallaria majalis due to their efficiency in collecting nectar, butterflies, moths, and even some flies can also contribute to the pollination process. This diverse group of pollinators ensures the successful reproduction of the plant and the continuation of its beautiful blooms.

It is important to note that while Convallaria majalis attracts pollinators, it can also be self-fertile, meaning it can produce seeds without requiring pollination. However, the presence of pollinators still plays a crucial role in increasing the quantity and quality of seed production.

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Convallaria majalis?

Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley, is generally quite resistant to pests and diseases, making it a relatively low-maintenance plant. However, there are a few potential problems to be aware of:

Pests:

Slugs and snails: These slimy creatures enjoy munching on the leaves, leaving ragged holes and unsightly damage. To control them, use handpicking, beer traps, or diatomaceous earth.

Weevils: Some weevil species may nibble on the leaf edges, but the damage is usually minor and does not significantly harm the plant.

Spider mites: In hot, dry conditions, spider mites can suck sap from the leaves, causing them to turn yellow or stippled. Use insecticidal soap or neem oil sprays to control them.

Diseases:

Botrytis: This fungal disease, also known as gray mold, can affect the flowers, stems, and leaves, causing them to develop a fuzzy gray mold and eventually rot. Ensure good air circulation, remove infected parts, and avoid overwatering to prevent it.

Anthracnose: This fungal disease causes brown or black spots on the leaves, which can eventually lead to leaf drop. Improve air circulation, remove infected leaves, and avoid overhead watering to manage it.

Crown rot: This fungal disease attacks the base of the plant, causing the stems to wilt and die. Improve drainage, avoid overwatering, and remove infected plants to prevent its spread.

Additional concerns:

Toxicity: Remember that all parts of Convallaria majalis are highly poisonous if ingested. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.

Spreading: Lily of the valley can spread readily through rhizomes. If you do not want it to take over your garden, control its growth by digging up and dividing the clumps every few years.

By monitoring your plants and taking preventive measures, you can minimize the risk of pests and diseases affecting your Convallaria majalis and enjoy its beauty for many seasons to come.

Can I Use Convallaria majalis In Floral Arrangements?

Yes, you absolutely can use Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley, in floral arrangements! Their delicate white bell-shaped flowers and sweet fragrance make them a popular choice for a variety of arrangements, especially weddings and spring bouquets.

Here are some things to keep in mind when using Convallaria majalis in floral arrangements:

Availability: Lily of the valley is a seasonal flower, typically blooming in late spring (May-June). Outside of its blooming season, it may be difficult to find fresh stems.

Toxicity: Be aware that all parts of Convallaria majalis are highly poisonous if ingested. Take care when handling the flowers and avoid using them in arrangements where children or pets may have access to them.

Fragrance: The strong, sweet fragrance of lily of the valley can be overpowering for some people. Consider the preferences of the recipient before using them in an arrangement.

Vase life: The vase life of lily of the valley is relatively short, usually around 3-5 days. To prolong their lifespan, keep them in cool water and change the water regularly.

Here are some tips for using Convallaria majalis in floral arrangements:

Pair them with other complementary flowers: Lily of the valley pairs well with a variety of other flowers, such as roses, hydrangeas, peonies, and tulips.

Use them as filler flowers: The small size and delicate nature of lily of the valley make them ideal for using as filler flowers in bouquets and centerpieces.

Highlight their fragrance: Place the arrangement in an area where the sweet fragrance of the lily of the valley can be enjoyed.

With a little planning and care, you can use Convallaria majalis to create beautiful and fragrant floral arrangements that will be enjoyed by everyone.

Is Convallaria majalis Invasive?

Yes, Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley, can be invasive in certain areas, particularly outside its native range. Here is a breakdown of its invasive potential:

Native Range:

Lily of the valley is native to temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and parts of North Africa.

Invasive Tendencies:

It spreads readily through underground rhizomes, forming dense colonies that can crowd out native plants and disrupt natural ecosystems.

It thrives in shaded areas with moist soil, conditions often found in forests and woodland understories, making it a threat to these sensitive habitats.

It reproduces both by seeds and rhizomes, increasing its ability to spread and establish itself in new areas.

Regions Considered Invasive:

Lily of the valley is listed as invasive in several states and provinces in North America, including parts of the Pacific Northwest, the Midwest, and the Northeast.

It is also considered invasive in some European countries where it has escaped from cultivation and spread into natural areas.

Factors Affecting Invasiveness:

The invasiveness of lily of the valley can vary depending on factors like climate, soil conditions, and the presence of native competitors.

In some areas, it may be less aggressive and pose less of a threat to native ecosystems.

Recommendations:

If you live in an area where lily of the valley is considered invasive, avoid planting it in your garden.

If you already have it in your garden, be mindful of its spreading potential and take steps to control its growth, such as digging up and removing unwanted shoots.

Consider planting native alternatives with similar aesthetic qualities, such as Virginia bluebells or foamflower.

Remember:

Even in areas where it is not officially listed as invasive, responsible gardening practices are important to prevent the spread of non-native plants that could potentially harm the environment.

By understanding the invasive potential of Convallaria majalis and making informed choices about its use, you can help protect native ecosystems and ensure a healthy balance in your local environment.

When Is The Best Time To Divide Convallaria majalis Plants?

There are two ideal times to divide Convallaria majalis, also known as lily of the valley:

Fall:

This is generally considered the best time for division, as the plant is entering its dormant period.

Dividing in fall (between October and November) allows the newly separated crowns time to establish themselves before the winter freeze, giving them a stronger start for the following spring season.

Aim to complete the division at least 4-6 weeks before the first average hard freeze in your area to ensure sufficient root development before the ground freezes solid.

Early Spring:

Dividing in late winter to early spring (between March and April) is also possible, but it is not ideal.

Plants divided in spring may take longer to recover and may not bloom in the same year as those divided in fall.

If you must divide in spring, make sure the soil is thawed and workable, and avoid disturbing the roots more than necessary.

Additional Tips:

Regardless of the timing, choose a cool, cloudy day for dividing your lily of the valley plants to minimize stress.

Water the plants thoroughly a few days before dividing to make the soil easier to dig.

Use a sharp spade or fork to carefully dig up the entire clump.

Gently separate the rhizomes with your hands, keeping each division with at least 2-3 buds.

Replant the divisions in suitable locations with moist, well-drained soil, spacing them about 4-6 inches apart.

Water the newly planted divisions well and keep the soil moist until they are established.

By following these tips, you can successfully divide your Convallaria majalis plants and enjoy their delicate beauty for many years to come.

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Convallaria

Convallaria majalis (bare root plant)

Convallaria

Convallaria majalis 'Bordeaux' (50) BR Plants

Convallaria

Convallaria majalis (bare root plant)

Convallaria

Convallaria majalis 'Bordeaux' (50) BR Plants