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Panicum

Panicum

Panicum v. 'Half Pint' PPAF (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Niagara Falls' PPAF (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Red Flame' PPAF (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Totem Pole' PP29951 (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Gunsmoke' PPAF (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Blue Fountain' PP28192 (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Apache Rose' PP29142 (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Cheyenne Sky' PP23209 (30)ct Flat

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Half Pint' PPAF (30)ct Flat

Panicum virgatum 'Half Pint' PPAF (30)ct Flat Common Name: Switch GrassOne of the most compact Switch Grasses with a dense, upright habit that tops out at 3' tall. Dark rosy red seedheads cover...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Niagara Falls' PPAF (30)ct Flat

Panicum v. 'Niagara Falls' PPAF CPBRAF - Proven Winners® PRAIRIE WINDS® Collection (30)ct Flat Common Name: Switch GrassNotably wide for a Panicum, 'Niagara Falls' is excellent for filling...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Red Flame' PPAF (30)ct Flat

Panicum v. 'Red Flame' PPAF (30)ct Flat Common Name: Red Switch GrassA boldly colored grass with native roots, 'Red Flame' is primed to set your garden ablaze in late summer. This warm season...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Totem Pole' PP29951 (30)ct Flat

Panicum virgatum 'Totem Pole' PP29951 CPBRAF (30)ct FlatPRAIRIE WINDS® CollectionCommon Name: Switch Grass, Ornamental Grass A mental image of a totem pole brings to mind a tall, narrow, majestic...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Gunsmoke' PPAF (30)ct Flat

Panicum v. 'Gunsmoke' PPAF (30)ct Flat Common Name: Switch Grass, Ornamental GrassA new nativar perfect for the late summer landscape! The seedheads on this moderately sized grass billow over the top...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Blue Fountain' PP28192 (30)ct Flat

Panicum virgatum 'Blue Fountain' PP28192 (30)ct FlatCommon Name: Blue Switch Grass, Ornamental Grass Looking for a tall ornamental grass? This blue Panicum bucks the horticulture trend of...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Apache Rose' PP29142 (30)ct Flat

Panicum virgatum 'Apache Rose' PP29142 CPBR5651 (30)ct FlatPRAIRIE WINDS® CollectionCommon Name: Switch Grass, Ornamental Grass Neither rain nor wind will knock this solid grass down!...

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Panicum

Panicum v. 'Cheyenne Sky' PP23209 (30)ct Flat

Panicum virgatum 'Cheyenne Sky' PP23209 (30)ct FlatCommon Name: Grass-Ornamental, Red Switch Grass This hardy Red Switch Grass is a perennial substitute for Pennisetum 'Rubrum'. Measuring in at...

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What are the characteristics of Panicum?

Panicum is a large genus of about 450 species of Poaceae grasses native throughout the tropical regions of the world, with a few species extending into the northern temperate zone. They are a diverse group of plants that can be annuals or perennials, but most are tall grasses growing to 1–3 meters (3–10 ft) tall.

Here are some of the key characteristics of Panicum grasses:

Growth habit: They can be tufted, spreading by stolons or rhizomes (underground stems).
Leaves: The leaves are linear with parallel venation and entire margins.
Inflorescence: The flowers are typically borne in dense clusters known as panicles. Panicle is a branching cluster of flowers, typically in the form of a pyramid.
Seeds: The fruits are caryopses, a type of dry, one-seeded fruit produced by many grasses.

Some well-known species of Panicum include:

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum): A perennial, warm-season grass native to North America. It is a major constituent of tallgrass prairie and is a valuable forage grass. It can grow up to 10 feet tall and has an open, lacy panicle with small seeds.
Guinea grass (Panicum maximum): A perennial, tufted grass native to Africa. It is a robust grass that can reach up to 2 meters tall. It is used as a forage grass and for erosion control.
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum): An annual grain crop that is grown in many parts of the world. It is a small-seeded grain that is used for food and animal feed.

How do I plant Panicum?

Planting Panicum will depend on the specific species you choose, but here's a general guide that applies to many Panicum varieties, especially common ornamental types like Switchgrass:

Choosing a Planting Location:

Sun: Most Panicum varieties prefer full sun, at least 6-8 hours a day. They might tolerate some light shade, but too much shade can make them leggy.
Soil: Panicum is adaptable to a range of soil types but thrives in well-drained soil. If your soil is very heavy clay, consider amending it with some compost or sand for better drainage. Sandy soil might benefit from adding some organic matter like compost to retain moisture.

Planting from Seeds:

Timing: It's generally recommended to start Panicum seeds indoors about 6-8 weeks before the last frost date in your area.
Seeding: Sow seeds in flats filled with a seed-starting mix. Keep the soil moist but not soggy.
Germination: Seeds should germinate in 1-2 weeks. Once seedlings have a few sets of true leaves, you can harden them off and transplant them outdoors after danger of frost has passed.

Planting from Transplants:

Timing: You can plant containerized Panicum plants outdoors any time after the danger of frost has passed and the soil has warmed up.
Planting: Dig a hole 2-3 times wider than the root ball of your plant. Amend the soil in the planting hole if needed (see above for soil tips).
Spacing: Space plants according to the mature size of the specific Panicum variety you're planting.
Watering: Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil around the roots.

Aftercare:

Watering: Newly planted Panicum needs regular watering, especially during hot, dry weather. Once established, they are quite drought tolerant.
Fertilizing: Panicum generally doesn't require much fertilizer. A light application of a balanced fertilizer in spring might be beneficial.
Pruning: Most Panicum varieties benefit from cutting back the dead foliage in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges.

Additional Tips:

Research the specific needs of your chosen Panicum variety. There might be slight variations in planting and care requirements.
Consider your local climate and growing zone when choosing a Panicum species.

For more specific details and troubleshooting, searching online resources about planting your chosen Panicum variety is recommended.

What are varieties of Panicum?

There are over 450 species of Panicum grasses but some of the most common varieties include:

Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum): A perennial, warm-season grass native to North America. It is a major constituent of tallgrass prairie and is a valuable forage grass. It can grow up to 10 feet tall and has an open, lacy panicle with small seeds. It is also a popular ornamental grass for landscaping due to its attractive appearance and low maintenance requirements.
Guinea grass (Panicum maximum): A perennial, tufted grass native to Africa. It is a robust grass that can reach up to 2 meters tall. It is used as a forage grass and for erosion control. It is not typically grown as an ornamental due to its coarse texture.
Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum): An annual grain crop that is grown in many parts of the world. It is a small-seeded grain that is used for food and animal feed. It is not typically grown as an ornamental grass.

Here are some other ornamental varieties of Panicum that are popular for landscaping:

Panicum amarum: This variety is known for its beautiful, burgundy-red foliage that emerges in late spring and early summer. It grows in clumps to about 3 feet tall and has airy pink flower panicles in the fall.
Panicum virgatum 'Shenandoah': This is a selection of switchgrass with attractive, blue-green foliage that turns golden yellow in fall. It has airy, reddish-purple flower panicles that emerge in late summer. It grows to about 4-5 feet tall.
Panicum virgatum 'Heavy Metal': This selection of switchgrass is known for its upright, clumping form and blue-green foliage that turns a stunning burgundy red in fall. It has airy, reddish-brown flower panicles that emerge in late summer. It grows to about 5-6 feet tall.
Panicum virgatum 'Desert Plains': This selection of switchgrass is known for its drought tolerance and low maintenance requirements. It has blue-green foliage that turns golden yellow in fall and airy, reddish-purple flower panicles that emerge in late summer. It grows to about 3-4 feet tall.

These are just a few examples of the many varieties of Panicum that are available. With so many different types to choose from, there is sure to be a Panicum variety that is perfect for your landscape.

How Do I Care For a Panicum?

Caring for Panicum is generally quite easy, as they are low-maintenance plants. Here's a breakdown of the key aspects of Panicum care:

Sun and Soil:

Sun: Most Panicum varieties prefer full sun, at least 6-8 hours a day. They might tolerate some light shade, but too much shade can make them leggy.
Soil: Panicum is adaptable to a range of soils but thrives in well-drained soil. If your soil is heavy clay, consider amending it with some compost or sand for better drainage. Sandy soil might benefit from adding some organic matter like compost to retain moisture.

Watering and Feeding:

Watering: Newly planted Panicum needs regular watering, especially during hot, dry weather. Once established, they are quite drought tolerant and typically only need supplemental watering during extended dry periods.
Fertilizing: Panicum generally doesn't require much fertilizer. A light application of a balanced fertilizer in spring might be beneficial but avoid over-fertilizing as it can encourage excessive leaf growth at the expense of flowers.

Pruning:

Most Panicum varieties benefit from cutting back the dead foliage in late winter or early spring before new growth emerges. This will not only improve the appearance of the plant but can also encourage bushier growth.

Here are some additional tips for caring for Panicum:

Dividing: Clump-forming Panicum varieties can be divided every few years to propagate new plants or control their spread.
Pests and Diseases: Panicum is generally resistant to pests and diseases. However, they can be susceptible to scale or leaf spot in some cases. If you notice any problems, you can use insecticidal soap or neem oil for organic pest control solutions. For diseases, ensure proper drainage and avoid overhead watering.
Winter Care: Panicum leaves typically turn brown in fall and can be left on the plant for winter interest. Alternatively, you can cut them back in late winter or early spring. Most Panicum varieties are cold hardy to USDA zones 3-9.

Remember, research the specific needs of your chosen Panicum variety, as there might be slight variations in care requirements.

Does Panicum attract pollinators?

Yes, certain varieties of Panicum can attract pollinators, especially butterflies and some types of bees. Here's why:

Larval Host: While the flowers themselves might not be particularly showy or nectar-rich, some Panicum varieties like Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) act as larval hosts for skipper butterflies. This means that skipper butterflies lay their eggs on the Panicum leaves, and the caterpillars that hatch feed on the foliage.
Overwintering Habitat: The dense foliage of Panicum grasses can also provide valuable overwintering habitat for butterflies and other beneficial insects.

While not all Panicum varieties are specifically pollinator magnets, they can still be a beneficial part of a pollinator-friendly landscape, especially when planted alongside flowering plants that provide nectar and pollen.

Are There Any Common Pests Or Diseases That Affect Panicum?

Panicum is generally considered a low-maintenance plant with good resistance to pests and diseases. However, there are a few things to watch out for:

Pests:

Occasional Insects: While uncommon, Panicum can be susceptible to some insects like:
- Scale: These tiny, sap-sucking insects can appear as bumps or scales on the leaves.
- Japanese beetles: These metallic beetles with green heads can skeletonize the leaves.
- Thrips: These small, slender insects feed on plant sap and can cause distorted leaves.
- Spittlebugs: These insects create a frothy spittle-like mass around themselves on the stems.

Diseases:

Fungal Diseases: The most common diseases affecting Panicum are fungal diseases like:
- Rust: This fungal disease causes orange, brown, or yellow pustules on the leaves. It's more prevalent in humid conditions.
- Leaf Spot: This fungal disease causes small, brown spots on the leaves. It can be unsightly but usually doesn't harm the plant significantly.

General Tips for Pest and Disease Control:

Promote good air circulation: Avoid overcrowding plants and ensure proper spacing to prevent moisture buildup that can favor fungal diseases.
Water properly: Avoid overwatering, which can also contribute to fungal diseases. Water at the base of the plant rather than overhead watering.
Monitor for problems: Regularly inspect your Panicum for signs of pests or diseases. Early detection and treatment can help prevent serious damage.
Organic controls: For minor pest outbreaks, insecticidal soap or neem oil can be effective organic control solutions.
Resistant varieties: Choosing Panicum varieties known for disease resistance can be helpful.

If you notice a pest or disease problem that seems severe, contacting a cooperative extension service can be helpful for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.

Can I Use Panicum in Floral Arrangements?

Yes, absolutely! Panicum grass, particularly dried Panicum, is a popular choice for use in floral arrangements. Here's why:

Texture and Movement: Panicum adds a beautiful textural element to arrangements. Its airy plumes and feathery stalks provide a sense of movement and lightness, which can nicely complement flowers and other foliage.
Variety of Colors: Panicum comes in various colors, from natural green and gold to dyed pinks, purples, and even black. This allows you to incorporate pops of color or create a more monochromatic theme.
Long-lasting: Dried Panicum is very long-lasting and requires minimal maintenance. It can add a natural element to dried flower arrangements or potpourri for extended periods.

Here are some things to consider when using Panicum in floral arrangements:

Fresh vs. Dried: While both fresh and dried Panicum can be used, dried Panicum is more common in arrangements due to its longevity and ease of use. Fresh Panicum can be used, but it will wilt and lose its color over time.
Variety Selection: The specific Panicum variety you choose will influence the look and feel of your arrangement. For instance, switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) has airy, open panicles, while some Panicum varieties have denser, more feathery plumes.
Balance and Proportion: Use Panicum in moderation to avoid overwhelming the arrangement with its texture. Aim for a balance between the Panicum, flowers, and any other foliage you might be using.

Here are some online resources you can explore for inspiration on using Panicum in floral arrangements:

Search for "[dried Panicum grass floral arrangements]" to see examples of how Panicum is used in various styles of arrangements.
Look for tutorials on "[floral arranging with dried grasses]" which will often include Panicum as a common material.

Is Panicum Invasive?

Whether a Panicum variety is invasive depends on the specific species and your location. Here's a breakdown:

Native vs. Introduced: There are many native Panicum species throughout the world. These are not invasive in their natural habitat.
Invasive Potential: Some introduced Panicum species, particularly in North America, can be invasive. A common example is Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). While native to North America, it can become invasive in certain areas if it spreads aggressively and disrupts native ecosystems.

Here's some information to consider:

Research your variety: Before planting Panicum, research the specific species and its invasive potential in your region. Reliable sources include your local cooperative extension service or native plant societies.
Native alternatives: If you're concerned about invasiveness, consider planting native Panicum species to your area. These will provide similar ornamental value without the risk of ecological disruption.
Responsible planting practices: Even with non-invasive Panicum, be mindful of planting practices. Avoid planting near natural areas where they could potentially spread and disrupt native plant communities.

Here are some resources to help you identify invasive Panicum species in your area:

The Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System ([USDA Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System invasive species ON United States Department of Agriculture (.gov) eddmaps.invasiveplantatlas.org]) allows you to search for invasive plants by location.
The National Invasive Species Information Center ([National Invasive Species Information Center invasivespeciesinfo.gov]) provides information on invasive species in the United States.

By being informed about the invasive potential of Panicum in your area and choosing appropriate species, you can enjoy these beautiful grasses in your garden while being responsible for your local ecosystem.

When Is The Best Time To propagate Panicum?

The best time to propagate Panicum depends on the method you choose:

Seed: For propagating Panicum from seeds, it's generally recommended to start them indoors about 6-8 weeks before the last frost date in your area. This allows the seedlings to develop some maturity before being transplanted outdoors after danger of frost has passed.
Division: Panicum can also be propagated by division, which involves separating existing clumps of the plant. The most successful results for division are achieved in the late winter while the plants are dormant or just as new growth resumes in the early spring. Dividing at this time minimizes stress on the plant as it enters its active growing phase.

Here's a quick recap:

Seed: Start indoors 6-8 weeks before last frost.
Division: Late winter (dormant) or early spring (new growth).

What are the benefits of planting Panicum?

Panicum offers a variety of benefits depending on the species and how you choose to use it. Here's a breakdown of some of the common advantages:

Ornamental Value:

Many Panicum varieties are beautiful ornamental grasses that add textural interest, movement, and color to landscapes. They come in various heights, foliage colors (from green to blue-green to burgundy), and flower panicle shapes.
They can be used as specimen plants, border accents, or incorporated into mass plantings for a naturalized look.

Low Maintenance:

Most Panicum varieties are generally low-maintenance plants. They are drought tolerant once established, require minimal fertilizer, and are not prone to serious pests or diseases.

Wildlife Habitat:

Certain Panicum varieties provide food and cover for wildlife. The seeds of some species are eaten by birds, and the dense foliage can be used by small animals for nesting or shelter. In some cases, Panicum varieties can act as larval hosts for butterflies.

Erosion Control:

Panicum's deep root systems can help to prevent soil erosion, especially on slopes or banks. This can be beneficial in areas prone to heavy rain or wind.

Biofuel Potential:

Some Panicum species, like switchgrass (Panicum virgatum), are being explored as potential biofuel crops. They can be a renewable source of energy.

Food Source (Millet):

Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) is a grain crop cultivated for its small seeds, which are used for human consumption and animal feed.

Sustainable Landscaping:

Many Panicum varieties are native to North America. Planting native species promotes biodiversity and supports healthy ecosystems. They are also well-adapted to local conditions and require less water compared to non-native plants.

Air Quality:

Like all plants, Panicum helps improve air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen.

When choosing a Panicum variety, consider your specific needs and preferences. If you're looking for a low-maintenance ornamental grass with ecological benefits, Panicum could be a great choice for your landscape.

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