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    • Shade Groundcover

    Shop Bulk Shade Groundcovers, Delivered Free to Your Door

    Shade groundcover offers numerous benefits for your landscape, especially in those tricky areas where the sun struggles to reach. Shade groundcover is a valuable addition to any landscape, offering both practical and aesthetic benefits while requiring minimal maintenance. They provide a sustainable and attractive solution for challenging shady areas, creating a more vibrant and ecologically balanced garden.  

    • Ajuga Chocolate Chip 10ct Flat Ajuga Chocolate Chip 10ct Flat

      Ajuga

      Ajuga 'Chocolate Chip' (10)ct Flat

      Ajuga "Chocolate Chip" (10)ct Flat a/k/a Carpenters Herb, Comfrey, Creeping Bugleweed, Creeping Carpet Bugle, Sicklewort Zone 4 to 9, maybe 3 to 10, Sun to full shade, at least 3 to 4 hours of sun for best foliage color .Mature foliage height 3 to...

      $85.05
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    • Ajuga Chocolate Chip 18ct Flat Ajuga Chocolate Chip 18ct Flat

      Ajuga

      Ajuga 'Chocolate Chip' (18)ct Flat

      Ajuga "Chocolate Chip" (18) count Flat Transform your garden with the rich, chocolate hues of Ajuga "Chocolate Chip"! This versatile groundcover, also known as Carpenter's Herb or Bugleweed, adds a touch of elegance to any landscape. Vibrant...

      $99.29
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    • Ajuga "Chocolate Chip" (4) 1-gallons Ajuga "Chocolate Chip" (4) 1-gallons

      Ajuga

      Ajuga 'Chocolate Chip' (4) 1-gallons

      Ajuga "Chocolate Chip" (4) 1-gallons a/k/a Carpenters Herb, Comfrey, Creeping Bugleweed, Creeping Carpet Bugle, Sicklewort Zone 4 to 9, maybe 3 to 10, Sun to full shade, at least 3 to 4 hours of sun for best foliage color .Mature foliage height 3 to...

      $121.46
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    • Ajuga r Catlins Giant 3.5 inch pot Ajuga r Catlins Giant 3.5 inch pot

      Ajuga

      Ajuga r 'Catlin's Giant' (3.5 inch pot)

      Ajuga reptans 'Catlin's Giant' (3.5-inch pot)Common Name: 'Catlin's Giant' Bugleweed Height: 5-7 Inches Spread: 18-24 Inches Hardiness Zone: 4-8 Sun to Shade Part Shade is preferred in Hot Summer Zones Evergreen to Semi-evergreen Large, Bronze Purple...

      $4.57
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    • Ajuga reptans Black Scallop PP15815 30ct Flat Ajuga reptans Black Scallop PP15815 30ct Flat

      Ajuga

      Ajuga r. 'Black Scallop' PP15815 (30)ct Flat

      Ajuga reptans 'Black Scallop' PP15815 30ct FlatCommon Name: Bugleweed, Carpet Bugleweed This attractive small-scale groundcover has glossy, near-black, scalloped leaves and a dense habit. The deepest foliage color is achieved when plants are sited...

      $192.75
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    • Ajuga reptans Black Scallop PP15815 10ct Flat Ajuga reptans Black Scallop PP15815 10ct Flat

      Ajuga

      Ajuga r. 'Black Scallop' PP15815 (10)ct Flat

      Ajuga reptans 'Black Scallop' PP15815 Ten (10) 4.5-inch containersCommon Name: Bugleweed, Carpet Bugleweed This attractive small-scale groundcover has glossy, near-black, scalloped leaves and a dense habit. The deepest foliage color is achieved when...

      $85.05
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    • Ajuga reptans Bronze Beauty 10ct Flat Ajuga reptans Bronze Beauty 10ct Flat

      Ajuga

      Ajuga r. 'Bronze Beauty' (10)ct Flat

      Ajuga reptans 'Bronze Beauty' a/k/a Carpenter's Herb, Comfrey, Creeping Bugleweed, Creeping Carpet Bugle, Sicklewort Enrich your garden with the timeless elegance of Ajuga 'Bronze Beauty'. This classic variety, also known as Bugleweed or Carpenter's...

      $85.05
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    Planting shade perennial groundcovers offers a wealth of benefits beyond simply filling in bare spaces under trees or in shaded areas. Here is a closer look at the advantages they provide:

    Aesthetic Appeal:

    • Year-round interest: Many shade groundcovers boast beautiful foliage in various shades of green, silver, and even variegated patterns, adding visual texture and dimension even when flowers are absent.
    • Softens hardscapes: Groundcovers soften the stark lines of patios, pathways, and retaining walls, creating a more natural and inviting ambiance.
    • Provides a living backdrop: Lush foliage creates a calming and visually appealing foundation for shade-loving plants and flowers.

    Functional Benefits:

    • Weed suppression: Similar to sun groundcovers, they effectively suppress weeds by blocking sunlight and competing for resources, reducing weeding needs.
    • Moisture retention: Dense cover helps retain moisture in the soil, especially beneficial in shaded areas that tend to dry out slower.
    • Erosion control: Root systems help hold soil in place, preventing erosion on slopes and inclines in shady areas.
    • Improved soil health: As leaves decompose, they add organic matter to the soil, enriching it and promoting healthy microbial activity.
    • Reduced maintenance: Generally low-maintenance once established, requiring minimal watering, infrequent fertilization, and little to no pruning.

    Ecological Advantages:

    • Habitat for wildlife: Dense mats provide shelter and nesting sites for beneficial insects, amphibians, and small animals that thrive in shady environments.
    • Food source for pollinators: Some shade groundcovers offer blooms that attract pollinators like bees and butterflies, supporting biodiversity even in low-light areas.
    • Reduced reliance on pesticides: Attracting beneficial insects can help control pest populations naturally, minimizing the need for chemical alternatives.

    Additional Benefits:

    • Reduces soil compaction: Dense root systems help loosen compacted soil, improving drainage and aeration for other plants.
    • Muffled sound: Groundcovers can help absorb sound, creating a more serene atmosphere in your shady retreat.
    • Reduces mudsplash: Similar to sun groundcovers, they can minimize soil splash onto foliage, potentially reducing the spread of fungal diseases.

    By incorporating these versatile plants into your shaded areas, you can create a beautiful, low-maintenance, and ecologically valuable space that thrives under the cover of trees and foliage. Consider the specific benefits that align with your needs and choose appropriate varieties to enjoy the many advantages shade perennial groundcovers offer.

    Shade groundcovers FAQ

    Shade perennial plant groundcovers are a great way to add beauty and function to your garden. They can help suppress weeds, prevent erosion, and provide habitat for wildlife. Here are some of the characteristics of shade perennial plant groundcovers:

    • Low-growing: They typically grow to no more than 12-18 inches tall, making them perfect for underplanting trees and shrubs or filling in other shady areas.
    • Shade-tolerant: They are adapted to low light conditions and will thrive in areas that receive little to no direct sunlight.
    • Spreading: Many shade perennial groundcovers spread slowly over time, helping to fill in large areas and suppress weeds.
    • Low-maintenance: Once established, they require little care in terms of watering, fertilizing, and pest control.
    • Variety: There are many different types of shade perennial groundcovers available, with a wide range of foliage colors, textures, and flower colors.

    Here are some popular examples of shade perennial plant groundcovers:

    • Ajuga reptans (Bugleweed): This low-growing perennial has glossy green leaves and spikes of blue flowers in the spring.
    • Epimedium (Barrenwort): This shade-loving perennial has attractive heart-shaped leaves and clusters of yellow, orange, or pink flowers in the spring.
    • Heuchera (Coral bells): This versatile perennial comes in a wide range of foliage colors, from green to burgundy to purple. It also has small, bell-shaped flowers in the summer.
    • Liriope muscari (Lilyturf): This evergreen perennial has grass-like leaves and spikes of lavender flowers in the late summer.
    • Tiarella cordifolia (Foamflower): This shade-loving perennial has heart-shaped leaves and spikes of white or pink flowers in the spring.

    When choosing shade perennial plant groundcovers for your garden, consider the following factors:

    • The amount of shade: Some shade perennial groundcovers are more tolerant of deep shade than others.
    • The size of the area: Choose groundcovers that will mature to the right size for your space.
    • The soil type: Make sure the groundcovers you choose are suitable for your soil type.
    • Your personal preferences: Choose groundcovers that you find attractive and that will complement the other plants in your garden.

    With a little planning, you can easily find shade perennial plant groundcovers that will add beauty and function to your garden.

    Planting shade perennial groundcovers involves preparing the soil, choosing the right plants, and providing proper care after planting. Here is a step-by-step guide:

    Preparation:

    • Assess your shade: Different shade levels exist, from dappled light under airy trees to dense shade under buildings. Identify the level of shade in your planting area.
    • Prep the soil: Remove any weeds, debris, and existing plants. Turn the soil to a depth of 8-12 inches and amend it with organic matter like compost or aged manure to improve drainage and fertility. Test your soil pH and adjust if necessary for your chosen plants.
    • Plan your spacing: Research the mature size of your chosen groundcovers and space them accordingly, allowing room for them to spread without overcrowding.

    Planting:

    • Water thoroughly: Before planting, water the prepared soil deeply to encourage root growth.
    • Dig individual holes: Dig planting holes slightly deeper than the root ball of your plants. Loosen the soil at the bottom of each hole.
    • Remove plants from pots: Gently remove plants from their pots, teasing apart any tightly bound roots.
    • Plant and adjust: Place each plant in its hole, ensuring the root crown sits slightly above the surrounding soil level. Backfill the hole with soil, firming it gently around the base of the plant.
    • Water again: Water each plant deeply to settle the soil and hydrate the roots.
    • Mulch (optional): Apply a layer of organic mulch, like shredded bark or wood chips, around the base of your plants to help retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate soil temperature. Keep mulch away from the stems to prevent rot.

    Aftercare:

    • Water regularly: Especially during the first year, water your groundcovers regularly, especially during dry spells. Aim to keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy.
    • Fertilize sparingly: Most shade perennial groundcovers do not require heavy feeding. A light application of slow-release fertilizer in early spring might be sufficient, depending on your soil quality and plant needs.
    • Weed control: Regularly remove any weeds that compete with your groundcovers for resources. Mulching helps suppress weeds, but manual removal might be necessary sometimes.
    • Deadheading (optional): Some groundcovers benefit from deadheading spent blooms to encourage more flowering and prevent unwanted self-seeding. However, some provide winter interest with seed heads, so decide based on your preference.
    • Monitor and adjust: Keep an eye on your groundcovers and adjust your watering, weeding, or mulching practices as needed. Prune occasionally to maintain desired size and shape.

    Additional tips:

    • Consider incorporating a variety of groundcovers with different textures, colors, and flowering times to add visual interest and dimension to your shade garden.
    • Native shade perennial groundcovers are often well-adapted to your local climate and conditions, requiring less maintenance and attracting beneficial pollinators.
    • If planting on a slope, choose groundcovers with good soil-holding capabilities to prevent erosion.

    By following these steps and providing proper care, you can successfully plant and establish shade perennial groundcovers that will thrive in your shady garden for years to come.

    Choosing the best variety of shade perennial groundcover for your garden depends on several factors, including the amount of shade, the size of the area, your soil type, and your personal preferences. Here are some of the most popular and versatile options, categorized by their shade tolerance:

    Deep Shade:

    • Barrenwort (Epimedium): This shade-loving perennial has attractive heart-shaped leaves and clusters of yellow, orange, or pink flowers in the spring. It is available in many different varieties with contrasting foliage colors, offering year-round visual interest.
    • Foamflower (Tiarella cordifolia): This low-growing perennial features heart-shaped leaves and delicate spikes of white or pink flowers in the spring. It is easy to care for and spreads slowly to form a dense carpet.
    • Wild Ginger (Asarum canadense): This evergreen groundcover boasts beautiful, kidney-shaped leaves with a spicy fragrance. It tolerates deep shade and moist soil, making it perfect for woodland gardens.

    Partial Shade:

    • Bugleweed (Ajuga reptans): This fast-growing groundcover forms a dense mat of glossy green leaves with spikes of blue flowers in the spring. It is tolerant of foot traffic and helps suppress weeds.
    • Coral Bells (Heuchera): This versatile perennial comes in a wide range of foliage colors and textures, with some varieties even offering blooms in summer. It is relatively low-maintenance and adds a touch of vibrancy to shady areas.
    • Lilyturf (Liriope muscari): This evergreen perennial has grass-like leaves and spikes of lavender flowers in the late summer. It is deer-resistant and tolerates a variety of soil conditions.

    Additional Factors to Consider:

    • Moisture needs: Some groundcovers prefer consistently moist soil, while others are more drought-tolerant. Choose plants that suit your watering habits and climate.
    • Spreading habits: Consider how quickly and aggressively the groundcover spreads. Some varieties, like sweet woodruff, can become invasive if not controlled, while others spread slowly and require minimal maintenance.
    • Maintenance level: If you prefer a low-maintenance garden, opt for groundcovers that require minimal watering, weeding, and fertilizing.

    By considering these factors and exploring the wide variety of shade perennial groundcovers available, you can find the perfect options to add beauty, function, and texture to your shaded garden.

    Caring for shade perennial groundcovers in your garden is quite easy, as they are low-maintenance plants. Here is a basic guide:

    Watering:

    • Regular watering: Especially during their first year, water your groundcovers regularly, particularly during dry spells. Aim to keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Adjust watering based on rainfall and your specific soil type.
    • Established plants: Once established, most shade perennial groundcovers are fairly drought-tolerant and require less frequent watering. However, monitor soil moisture and water during prolonged dry periods to prevent stress.

    Fertilizing:

    • Light feeders: Most shade perennial groundcovers do not require heavy feeding. A light application of slow-release fertilizer in early spring might be sufficient, depending on your soil quality and plant needs. Overfertilizing can encourage excessive growth and weaken the plants' resistance to pests and diseases.

    Weeding:

    • Early and regular: Regularly remove any weeds that compete with your groundcovers for resources, especially when they are young. Mulching helps suppress weeds, but manual removal might be necessary sometimes.

    Mulching:

    • Benefits: Applying a layer of organic mulch, like shredded bark or wood chips, around the base of your plants offers several benefits. It helps retain moisture, suppress weeds, regulate soil temperature, and enrich the soil as it decomposes.
    • Application: Keep mulch away from the stems of your plants to prevent rot. Aim for a 2–3-inch layer of mulch, replenishing as needed throughout the season.

    Deadheading (optional):

    • Encourages blooms: Some groundcovers benefit from deadheading spent blooms to encourage more flowering and prevent unwanted self-seeding. However, some provide winter interest with seed heads, so decide based on your preference.

    Monitoring and adjustments:

    • Keep an eye: Regularly observe your groundcovers and adjust your watering, weeding, or mulching practices as needed. Prune occasionally to maintain desired size and shape. Address any pest or disease issues promptly.

    Additional tips:

    • Fall cleanup: Remove fallen leaves in late fall or early winter to prevent smothering and disease issues. You can shred them and use them as mulch.
    • Dividing: Some groundcovers can be divided every few years to control their spread or rejuvenate older plants. Research the specific needs of your chosen varieties.
    • Enjoy the beauty: With proper care, your shade perennial groundcovers will thrive and add beauty, texture, and ecological value to your garden for years to come.

    Remember, these are general guidelines, and the specific needs of your groundcovers may vary depending on the plant variety, climate, and soil conditions. Always research the specific needs of your chosen plants to ensure optimal care.

    • Ajuga reptans (Bugleweed, Carpetweed): It has a slow growth rate and produces small blue-purple tubular flowers in spikes during spring. It is also pollinator-friendly.
    • Asarum europaeum (European wild ginger): This plant has a slow to moderate growth rate and features glossy dark green rounded leaves. It remains semi-evergreen throughout the year.
    • Euonymus fortunei (Purple leaf Wintercreeper): With a moderate to fast growth rate, this evergreen ground cover boasts foliage that turns purplish-bronze in the fall.
    • Hedera helix (English Ivy): Known for its fast growth rate, English Ivy exhibits evergreen foliage and thrives in various light conditions, including full sun, shade, and part shade.
    • Pachysandra terminalis (Pachysandra, Japanese spurge): This slow-growing evergreen ground cover produces spikes of white flowers in late spring.
    • Sedum sp. (Stonecrop): These evergreen succulents have a slow growth rate and bloom in mid- to late summer. They are pollinator-friendly and thrive in dry, well-drained soil.

    Remember that specific cultivars or varieties within these species may have slightly different characteristics. It is always a good idea to research further based on your specific needs and growing conditions.

    • There are several excellent perennial evergreen ground covers that thrive in deep shade:

      • Pachysandra terminalis (Japanese Spurge): This is a classic choice for deep shade, forming a dense mat of dark green leaves.
      • Vinca minor (Periwinkle): This vining ground cover has glossy evergreen leaves and produces pretty blue flowers in spring. It can tolerate dry shade once established.
      • Ajuga reptans (Bugleweed): This colorful ground cover comes in various cultivars with foliage ranging from green to bronze to variegated. It produces spikes of blue flowers in spring.
      • Lamium maculatum (Spotted Deadnettle): This ground cover features silver-marked leaves and produces pink or purple flowers in spring. It is a good choice for adding a bit of color to shady areas.
      • Hedera helix (English Ivy): While it can be invasive in some areas, English Ivy is a vigorous evergreen ground cover that thrives in deep shade. It can also climb walls and trees.

      Remember to consider your specific climate and soil conditions when choosing a ground cover. Some of these plants may be more suitable for certain regions than others.

    • Several perennial ground covers thrive under trees, tolerating the shade and root competition these environments often present.

      Some popular options include:  

      • Vinca minor (Periwinkle): This evergreen vine forms a dense mat of glossy green leaves, with delicate blue flowers in spring. It is a vigorous grower and can tolerate dry shade once established.
      • Pachysandra terminalis (Japanese Spurge): This evergreen ground cover has dark green leaves and forms a dense carpet, suppressing weeds effectively. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial to full shade.
      • Epimedium (Barrenwort): These shade-loving perennials offer delicate foliage and colorful flowers in spring. They are relatively slow-growing but form attractive clumps over time.
      • Lamium maculatum (Spotted Deadnettle): This ground cover features variegated leaves and colorful flowers, adding interest to shady areas. It is a vigorous grower and can tolerate a range of soil conditions.
      • Asarum europaeum (European Wild Ginger): This evergreen ground cover has attractive, heart-shaped leaves and forms a dense mat, suppressing weeds. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and deep shade.

      These are just a few examples, and the best choice for your specific site will depend on factors such as soil type, light levels, and desired aesthetic. Researching the specific needs of each plant and considering your local climate will help you select the perfect ground cover for your shady area.

    Several shade-tolerant perennial ground covers excel on slopes, helping to prevent erosion and adding beauty to challenging areas.

    Here are a few top choices:  

    • Vinca minor (Periwinkle): This vigorous evergreen vine forms a dense mat of glossy leaves, with delicate blue flowers in spring. Its trailing habit helps it cling to slopes, and it tolerates dry shade once established.
    • Pachysandra terminalis (Japanese Spurge): This evergreen ground cover forms a thick carpet of dark green leaves, effectively suppressing weeds and preventing erosion. It thrives in partial to full shade and prefers moist, well-drained soil.
    • Ajuga reptans (Bugleweed): This low-growing ground cover boasts colorful foliage and spikes of blue flowers in spring. It spreads quickly, forming a dense mat that helps stabilize slopes. It tolerates a range of soil conditions and prefers partial to full shade.
    • Lamium maculatum (Spotted Deadnettle): This ground cover features variegated leaves and colorful flowers, adding interest to shady slopes. It spreads quickly and tolerates a variety of soil conditions.
    • Hedera helix (English Ivy): This evergreen vine is a classic choice for slopes, clinging tightly and preventing erosion. It thrives in shade and tolerates a range of soil conditions. However, it can be invasive in some areas, so check with your local authorities before planting.

    These are just a few suggestions, and the ideal ground cover for your slope will depend on factors like soil type, light levels, and desired aesthetic. Consider the specific conditions of your site and choose plants that are well-suited to thrive there.

    There are several attractive flowering perennial evergreen ground covers that thrive in shady conditions:

    • Vinca minor (Periwinkle): This vigorous vine creates a dense mat of glossy green leaves and blooms with delicate blue-purple flowers in spring. It tolerates dry shade once established and spreads quickly.
    • Epimedium (Barrenwort): These shade-loving perennials feature delicate foliage and colorful flowers in spring, adding a touch of elegance to shady gardens. They prefer moist, well-drained soil and partial to full shade.
    • Galax urceolata (Galax): This evergreen ground cover displays leathery, heart-shaped leaves that turn bronze in winter and produces spikes of white flowers in spring. It prefers acidic, well-drained soil and partial to full shade.
    • Liriope muscari (Lilyturf): This grass-like ground cover forms dense clumps of dark green leaves and produces spikes of purple or white flowers in summer. It tolerates a variety of soil conditions and thrives in partial to full shade.
    • Galium odoratum (Sweet Woodruff): This fragrant ground cover forms a mat of whorled leaves and blooms with tiny white flowers in spring. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial to full shade.

    These are just a few examples, and the ideal ground cover will depend on your specific site conditions and aesthetic preferences. Consider factors like soil type, light levels, and desired mature size when making your selection.

    Japanese Spurge (Pachysandra terminalis): The ideal groundcover for dry shade, Japanese Spurge forms a lush, evergreen carpet with minimal effort. Its 6-8-inch-tall foliage thrives in sun-dappled areas under trees, and its spreading rhizomes help prevent soil erosion on slopes. (Note: While not typically invasive, it can spread vigorously in optimal conditions. Consider alternatives if concerned about its potential spread.) USDA Zone 5-9.

    Barrenwort (Epimedium x versicolor 'Sulphureum'): A delightful multi-season groundcover, 'Sulphureum' offers evergreen foliage in mild climates with new leaves emerging reddish-tinged in spring, maturing to green, then turning red in autumn. Its yellow spring flowers brighten shady spots. Reaching 12 to 15 inches tall, it is drought-tolerant once established. USDA Zone 5-9.

    Wild Ginger (Asarum): Choose between the northwest native Asarum caudatum or the showier Chinese wild ginger like 'Quick Silver' to add texture to shady gardens. Native varieties handle drier conditions, while Chinese wild ginger prefers moist, humus-rich soil. 'Quick Silver' stands out with its silvery-white variegated leaves. Evergreen in mild climates, it dies back in colder areas. USDA Zone 5-9.

    Spotted Deadnettle (Lamium maculatum): This versatile groundcover boasts variegated evergreen foliage and spring blooms in various colors. It forms a dense mat, suppressing weeds in shady spots and on slopes. Reaching 6 to 9 inches tall, it spreads readily but is easily controlled. Note: Considered slightly invasive in some regions, so check with local authorities before planting. USDA Zone 3-8.

    Lady's Mantle (Alchemilla mollis): Soft green leaves form a charming, non-aggressive groundcover, reaching 6-12 inches tall. Chartreuse flowers in late summer brighten shady areas. Deadheading helps control self-seeding and may encourage reblooming. It tolerates a wide range of light and soil conditions. USDA Zone 3-8.

    Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum): Delicate in appearance but tough in nature, Sweet Woodruff is perfect for shady slopes and woodland gardens. Its fragrant white spring flowers and pleasant-smelling leaves add charm. It prefers moist soil and grows 6 to 12 inches tall. An excellent choice for areas with Black Walnut trees. USDA Zone 4-8.

    Japanese Painted Fern (Athyrium niponicum): This award-winning fern brings elegance to shade gardens with its soft, gray-green fronds and contrasting dark burgundy midribs. It naturalizes well in moist, well-drained, humus-rich soil, adding texture and color to shady landscapes. USDA Zone 2-10.

    Wintercreeper (Euonymus fortunei): Choose variegated cultivars like 'Variegatus', 'Emerald 'n' Gold', or 'Gold Splash' for a non-invasive, low-maintenance groundcover. This dense, trailing evergreen thrives in various conditions, including full sun to full shade, and reaches 6 to 12 inches tall. Ideal for urban settings. USDA Zone 4-9.

    With these well-behaved shade groundcovers, you can transform challenging shady areas into vibrant and thriving landscapes without worry!

    Perennial plants can be categorized into two main groups based on their growth habits: aggressive and non-aggressive.

    Aggressive Perennial Plants

    These are plants that spread quickly and can easily take over a garden if not managed properly. They typically reproduce through underground rhizomes, stolons, or self-seeding. While they can be useful for filling in large areas quickly or providing erosion control, they need to be monitored and controlled to prevent them from overwhelming other plants in the landscape.

    Some examples of aggressive perennial plants include:

    • Mint (Mentha spp.): Mint is a vigorous grower that spreads rapidly through underground rhizomes. It is best grown in containers or in areas where its spread can be easily contained.
    • Bamboo (Bambusa spp.): Bamboo is a fast-growing plant that can quickly become invasive if not properly managed. It is important to choose a clumping variety rather than a running variety, and to install a root barrier if necessary.
    • Lysimachia nummularia (Creeping Jenny): This fast-growing ground cover spreads quickly and can easily smother other plants. It is best suited for large areas where its spread can be tolerated.
    • Lamium maculatum (Spotted Deadnettle): While a beautiful ground cover for shade, it can spread aggressively through self-seeding and rhizomes. Regular maintenance is needed to keep it in check.

    Non-Aggressive Perennial Plants

    These are plants that grow at a slower pace and are less likely to take over a garden. They are typically clump-forming or spread slowly through self-seeding. They are ideal for creating a more controlled and manicured garden.

    Some examples of non-aggressive perennial plants include:

    • Hosta (Hosta spp.): Hostas are popular shade-loving perennials that form attractive clumps of foliage. They come in a wide variety of colors and sizes.
    • Peonies (Paeonia spp.): Peonies are long-lived perennials that produce beautiful, fragrant flowers. They grow slowly and can remain in the same location for many years.
    • Daylilies (Hemerocallis spp.): Daylilies are low-maintenance perennials that produce an abundance of colorful flowers. They spread slowly and are not considered invasive.
    • Echinacea (Coneflowers): Coneflowers are native perennials that attract pollinators with their vibrant blooms. They form clumps and are not known to be invasive.

    Choosing the Right Plant

    When selecting perennial plants for your garden, it is important to consider their growth habits and potential invasiveness. If you are looking for a low-maintenance ground cover for a large area, an aggressive plant may be a good choice. However, if you are planting in a smaller space or want to create a more controlled garden, non-aggressive plants are a better option. It is also crucial to research specific plants and their behavior in your local climate, as some plants can be more aggressive in certain conditions.

    Remember, with proper planning and maintenance, both aggressive and non-aggressive perennials can add beauty and interest to your garden for many years to come.

    Plants that can grow under a Black Walnut Tree

    • Alcea rosea (hollyhock)
      • Height: 4-8’
      • Comments: Full sun with rich soil; half-hardy biennial, reseeds like a perennial
    • Arisaema triphyllum (Jack-in-the-pulpit)
      • Height: 8-24”
      • Comments: Flower or “pulpit” is 3-4” green leaf-like hood; red berries in fall
    • Astilbe x arendsii (astilbe)
      • Height: 1-2’
      • Comments: Fern-like foliage; clusters of tiny flowers; heavy feeders; may need irrigation
    • Begonia sempervirens & hybrids (wax begonia)
      • Height: 8”-2’
      • Comments: Attractive foliage; white, pink, rose or red flowers
    • Calendula officinalis (pot marigold)
      • Height: 12 - 24”
      • Comments: Gold, red or yellow flowers all summer; all soils
    • Campanula latifolia (bellflower)
      • Height: 2-4’
      • Comments: Bell-like, purplish-blue flowers; spreads freely by rhizomes and seeds
    • Chionodoxa luciliae (glory-of-the-snow)
      • Height: 6”
      • Comments: Early flowering bulb; violet-blue, six petal, star-like flowers
    • Claytonia virginica (spring beauty)
      • Height: 3-6”
      • Comments: Flowers are white with fine pink stripes; wide variety of soils
    • Crocus vernus (crocus, giant crocus)
      • Height: 4-6”
      • Comments: Very early spring flowering bulb; prefers sandy, well-drained soil
    • Dicentra cucullaria (dutchman’s breeches)
      • Height: 6-12”
      • Comments: White upside-down “breeches” for flowers; prefers fertile moist soil
    • Galanthus nivalis (snowdrop)
      • Height: 3-10”
      • Comments: One of the earliest flowers; dainty white flowers with green markings
    • Galium odoratum (sweet woodruff)
      • Height: 4-12”
      • Comments: Dainty-looking groundcover with late spring white flowers
    • Geranium sanguineum (cranesbill)
      • Height: 12-18”
      • Comments: Attractive foliage; tough; many cultivars
    • Heuchera spp. (coral bells)
      • Height: 12-20”
      • Comments: Small red, pink, or white tiny bell-shaped flowers; good drainage is essential
    • Monarda didyma (bee balm)
      • Height: 2-4’
      • Comments: Requires good air circulation to prevent powdery mildew; moist soil is best
    • Oenothera fruticosa (sundrops)
      • Height: 15”
      • Comments: Reliable; yellow flowers; well-drained soil; sun
    • Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern)
      • Height: 2-4’
      • Comments: Large, yellowish-green fronds; prefers moist, humus-rich soil
    • Phlox paniculata (garden phlox)
      • Height: 3-4’
      • Comments: Common perennial; rich, well-drained soil
    • Pulmonaria species (lungwort)
      • Height: 8-18”
      • Comments: Pink, violet, and blue flowers; prefers evenly moist, humus-rich soil
    • Sanguinaria candensis (bloodroot)
      • Height: 8-10”
      • Comments: White flowers in April; moist, humus-rich soil
    • Stachys byzantina (lamb’s ear)
      • Height: 6-15”
      • Comments: Large silvery very soft leaves; prefers well-drained, sandy loamy soil
    • Tradescantia virginiana (spiderwort)
      • Height: 18-24”
      • Comments: Long blooming flowers; grass-like foliage; well-drained soil
    • Ajuga reptans (ajuga, bugleweed)
      • Height: 6”-12”
      • Groundcover with purple flowers; various leaf colors; can be short-lived.
    • Alchemilla mollis (lady’s mantle)
      • Height: 1’
      • Pretty light green leaves; yellow/green flowers; good cut flower.
    • Anthyrium angustum (lady fern)
      • Height: 2’
      • Graceful green fronds; wonderful with hosta, coral bells, or bergenia.
    • Aquilegia canadensis (columbine)
      • Height: 1-3’
      • Short-lived but self-seeds; yellow/red flowers on native form; nice blue-green foliage.
    • Aruncus dioicus (goatsbeard)
      • Height: 4-6’
      • Foliage similar to astilbe; white flower adds light and coolness to the shade garden.
    • Asarum canadense (wild ginger)
      • Height: 12”
      • Matte round leaves will hide tiny flowers; great groundcover.
    • Bergenia cordifolia (bergenia)
      • Height: 12-18”
      • Thick glossy leaves similar to cabbage; pink flowers in spring; red/burgundy fall color.
    • Brunnera macrophylla (Siberian bugloss)
      • Height: 1-2’
      • Light blue to pale purple flowers bloom in spring
    • Catharanthus rosea (periwinkle, vinca)
      • Height: 6-12”
      • Showy flowers and leathery leaves.
    • Chiondoxa luciliae (glory-of-the-snow)
      • Height: 6”
      • Small early flowers with open petals and yellow centers; easy to grow.
    • Clematis virginiana (virgin’s bower)
      • Height: 5-10’
      • Tiny white flowers mid- to late summer; great native vine
    • Convallaria majalis (lily-of-the-valley)
      • Height: 12”
      • Spreading groundcover; fragrant white bell flowers in early summer
    • Dicentra eximia (fringed bleeding heart)
      • Height: 12-18”
      • Blue-green foliage; white or pink flowers; flowers most of the summer
    • Digitalis purpurea (foxglove)
      • Height: 2-4’
      • Allow self-seeding for a perennial bed; poisonous
    • Epimedium spp. (barrenwort)
      • Height: 1’
      • Beautiful heart-shaped leaves; tiny orchid-like flowers in spring
    • Galanthus nivalis (snowdrops)
      • Height: 4-8”
      • Small, nodding, white bell-shaped flowers often bloom while snow is on the ground
    • Galium ordoratum (sweet woodruff)
      • Height: 4-12”
      • Pretty groundcover with white fragrant flowers
    • Geranium spp. (geranium, cranesbill)
      • Height: 12-18”
      • Many flower colors and leaf shapes; Geranium maculatum is native
    • Lamium spp. (dead nettle)
      • Height: 8-12”
      • White or pink flowers; leaves are streaked with white/silver; good groundcover
    • Leucojum aestivum (summer snowflake)
      • Height: 1-2’
      • Nodding white flowers similar to Galanthus, but much larger and later blooming
    • Narcissus spp. (daffodil)
      • Height: 6-24”
      • Wide variety of colors and bloom time; wildlife will not eat daffodils
    • Polygonatum biflorum (giant Solomon’s seal)
      • Height: 1-3’
      • Arching branches; small white flowers in spring; blue berries in summer
    • Puschkinia scilloides (striped squill)
      • Height: 2-6”
      • Pale flowers with a wonderful fragrance if you can get that close to the ground
    • Scilla sibirica (Siberian squill)
      • Height: 6”
      • Blue flowers that naturalize wonderfully, especially in wooded areas
    • Vinca minor (periwinkle, myrtle)
      • Height: 6-12”
      • Blue flowers in spring; evergreen; may need winter protection; groundcover

    Groundcovers for Shady Gardens

    Many gardeners struggle with shady areas in their yards. Growing a lush lawn under the canopy of mature trees or in the shadow of buildings can be a challenge. The good news is that there are many beautiful and low-maintenance groundcovers that thrive in the shade. This article will explore some of the best perennial groundcovers for shady areas, including information on planting, care, and common problems.

    Choosing the Right Groundcover When selecting a groundcover for a shady area, it is important to consider the following factors:

    • Hardiness Zone: Choose plants that are hardy in your USDA Hardiness Zone. For example, if you live in a colder climate (zones 3-5), you will need to select groundcovers that can withstand freezing temperatures.
    • Soil Type: Some groundcovers prefer moist soil, while others need dry or well-drained soil. Consider whether your soil is sandy, loamy, or clay-like, and choose plants that are adapted to those conditions.
    • Light Levels: Even within a shady area, there can be variations in light levels. Some plants tolerate deep shade, while others prefer dappled or partial shade. Observe how much sunlight reaches the area throughout the day to determine the appropriate light level for your chosen groundcover.
    • Moisture Levels: Consider how much moisture the area receives. Some groundcovers thrive in consistently moist soil, while others prefer drier conditions. Factors such as rainfall, irrigation, and soil drainage will influence the moisture levels in your garden.
    • Growth Habit: Consider whether you want a groundcover that spreads quickly to fill in an area rapidly or one that stays more compact and requires less maintenance.
    • Invasive Potential: Some groundcovers can become invasive, spreading aggressively, and crowding out other plants. Choose non-invasive options to avoid problems. Invasive groundcovers can be difficult to control and may require significant effort to remove once established.

    Benefits of Using Groundcovers Groundcovers offer a variety of benefits for shady gardens, including:

    • Erosion Control: Groundcovers help to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion, especially on slopes. Their dense root systems hold the soil in place, reducing the risk of runoff and soil loss.
    • Weed Suppression: Groundcovers can effectively suppress weeds by shading the soil and outcompeting them for resources. This reduces the need for weeding and can help to create a more low-maintenance garden.
    • Lawn Alternative: Some groundcovers can be used as a low-maintenance alternative to traditional lawns, especially in shady areas where grass struggles to grow. This can reduce the need for mowing, watering, and fertilizing.
    • Improved Aesthetics: Groundcovers add texture, color, and visual interest to shady gardens. They can soften hard edges, create a sense of unity, and enhance the overall beauty of the landscape.

    Recommended Groundcovers for Shady Areas Here are some of the best perennial groundcovers for shady areas:

    • Ajuga (Bugleweed) Ajuga (Ajuga reptans) is a low-growing, spreading plant that forms a dense mat of foliage. It comes in a variety of colors, including green, purple, and variegated. Ajuga produces blue flowers on spikes in the spring. It prefers shade or part shade and moist soil. Ajuga can be invasive in some situations and may require regular trimming to control its spread.
    • Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) Bunchberry is a native groundcover that thrives in shady areas. It produces clusters of white flowers in the spring, followed by red berries in the fall. Bunchberry prefers moist, acidic soil and can tolerate deep shade. It is a great choice for woodland gardens or naturalized areas.
    • Cast Iron Plant (Aspidistra eliator) Cast Iron Plant is known for its ability to tolerate difficult conditions, including deep shade and poor soil. It has long, leathery leaves and is a good choice for areas with dry shade. It is a slow-growing plant that requires minimal maintenance.
    • European Wild Ginger (Asarum europaeum) European wild ginger is a low-growing groundcover with glossy, dark green foliage. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial to heavy shade. It is a good choice for adding texture and interest to shady borders or woodland gardens.
    • Green and Gold (Chrysogonum virginianum) Green and Gold is a native groundcover with yellow flowers that bloom in the spring. It prefers part shade and average soil with adequate moisture. It is a good choice for attracting pollinators to your garden.
    • Hosta (Plantain Lily) Hostas are popular shade-loving plants with large, attractive leaves in a variety of colors. They prefer moist, well-drained soil and can tolerate deep shade. Hostas come in a wide range of sizes and shapes, making them versatile plants for shady gardens.
    • Lamium (Spotted Deadnettle) Lamium (Lamium maculatum) is a low-growing groundcover with attractive foliage and flowers. It comes in a variety of colors, including silver, green, and pink. Lamium prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial shade. It is a good choice for adding color and texture to shady borders or woodland gardens.
    • Pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis) Pachysandra is a dense evergreen groundcover that spreads by underground runners. It effectively crowds out weeds and prefers moist, fertile, slightly acidic soil. It is a good choice for creating a low-maintenance groundcover in shady areas.
    • Periwinkle (Vinca minor) Periwinkle is a fast-growing groundcover with glossy, dark green leaves. It produces blue or purple flowers in the spring and summer. Periwinkle prefers partial to full shade and well-drained soil. It is a good choice for covering large areas quickly.
    • Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum) Sweet Woodruff is a shade-loving groundcover with fragrant leaves and small white flowers that bloom in the spring. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and can tolerate deep shade. It is a good choice for adding fragrance and delicate beauty to shady gardens.
    • Tiarella (Foamflower) Tiarella (Tiarella cordifolia) is a low-growing groundcover with attractive foliage and small, clustered flowers. It prefers moist, well-drained soil and partial to full shade. It is a good choice for adding texture and interest to shady borders or woodland gardens.

    Groundcovers for Different USDA Zones

    Here are some specific groundcover recommendations for different hardiness zones:

    • Zones 3-5: Bugleweed (Ajuga reptans), Bunchberry (Cornus canadensis), Canadian wild ginger (Asarum canadense), and Sweet Woodruff (Galium odoratum)  
    • Zones 6-8: Pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis), Hosta (Hosta spp.), and Lamium (Lamium maculatum)  
    • Zones 9-11: Cast Iron Plant (Aspidistra eliator) and Liriope (Liriope muscari)  

    Planting Groundcovers in Shady Areas

    Proper soil preparation is essential for successful groundcover establishment. Here are the steps to prepare the soil:

    1. Remove Existing Vegetation: Clear the area of any weeds, grass, or other unwanted vegetation. You can do this by hand-pulling, using a hoe, or applying an herbicide.
    2. Improve the Soil: Add organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve drainage in clay soils or water-holding capacity in sandy soils. Organic matter also helps to improve soil fertility and structure.
    3. Work the Soil: Work the soil to a depth of 8 to 10 inches, incorporating the organic matter. You can use a shovel, spade, or tiller to loosen the soil.
    4. Level the Area: Rake the area smooth to create an even planting surface.

    When planting groundcovers, dig a hole for each plant the same depth as the plant's root ball and twice as wide. Space them according to their mature size and growth rate. If you want quicker coverage, space them closer together. Water the plants thoroughly after planting to settle the soil.

    Consider using companion plants with your groundcovers to enhance the visual appeal and ecological benefits of your garden. For example, you can plant ferns or hostas alongside your groundcovers to create a lush, layered look.

    Caring for Groundcovers in Shady Areas Once established, most groundcovers require minimal care. Here are some general care tips:

    • Watering: Water regularly during the first growing season to help the plants establish a strong root system. Once established, most groundcovers are drought-tolerant and only need watering during prolonged dry spells.
    • Fertilizing: Most groundcovers do not require a lot of fertilizer. A light application of a slow-release, balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio like 10-10-10 in the spring is usually sufficient. Apply in early spring or fall, following the instructions on the product label.
    • Pruning: Some groundcovers benefit from occasional pruning to remove dead or damaged branches, control their spread, or rejuvenate growth. For example, Ajuga may need to be trimmed regularly to prevent it from spreading too aggressively.
    • Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch around the plants to help suppress weeds and retain soil moisture. Organic mulches, such as shredded bark or wood chips, are a good choice.
    • Weed Control: Regular weeding is important, especially when the groundcovers are young and getting established. Once the groundcover fills in, it will help to suppress weeds naturally.

    Common Problems and Solutions Here are some common problems that can affect groundcovers in shady areas:

    • Pests and Diseases: Some groundcovers are susceptible to pests and diseases. Monitor the plants regularly and take appropriate action if necessary. For example, if you notice signs of insect infestation, you may need to apply an insecticide.
    • Poor Growth: Poor growth can be caused by various factors, such as insufficient light, poor soil, or improper watering. Identify the cause and take corrective action. For example, if the soil is too compacted, you may need to amend it with organic matter to improve drainage.
    • Invasive Growth: Some groundcovers can become invasive. Choose non-invasive options or take steps to control their spread. For example, you can install edging or barriers to prevent the groundcover from spreading beyond its intended area.

    Groundcovers are an excellent way to add beauty and interest to shady areas in your garden. By choosing the right plants and providing proper care, you can enjoy a lush and low-maintenance groundcover that thrives in the shade. Experiment with different plants and combinations to find what works best for your own garden. Consider the specific conditions in your shady area, such as soil type, light levels, and moisture levels, to select the most suitable groundcovers. With a little planning and effort, you can transform your shady garden into a thriving and beautiful space.